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The Goods produced by any of the Hardware Manufacturer* 
Represented in this Publication can be procured at the 

Manufacturers* Lowest Prices, by sending your 
Orders to this address : 





P. O. Box 2585, 
NEW YORK. 


REPRESENTING 



QllACKENBUgH, 'J'OWjSgEj^lD £o., 

HARDWARE MERCHANTS 

85 CHAMBERS ST., N. Y., 



























<1 


MULTUM IN PARVO.” 




A M anual of Useful Information, 

OF ESPECIAL IMPORTANCE TO DEALERS IN 


HARDWARE, STOVES and TINWAR 


E 




Gas Fitters’ and Plumpers’ Materials, 


As well as the various Workers in the Useful Metals, 


• INCLUDING 

A NUMBER OF ADDITIONAL PACES, GIVING INFORMATION 
OF A MORE GENERAL CHARACTER. 



Compiled from various source# by 



V 


1883. 


Eutetwl according to Act of Congress l<y IIenky Hopkins in Hie )e;tr DS8, in the 
Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, 1). C 

















-tS * 00 

INDEX TO ADVERTISERS. ,, ^ <^1 


Bridgeport brass co .—Brass Manufactures.. 51 

BAILEY, LEONARD A CO,—“Victor” Plane?.78 

BROWNING, S1SUYI A C O .-Cotter Ke\s and Kelt Hooks. 43 

CLEVELAND ROLLING IY1LL CO.-Iron and Wire. 3a 

COLWELL LEAD CO -I-' •t\d Pipe and Shot.. Si 

COX, PARISH A UNCER.-LampMind Glassware. 50 

GOi^NSLLY A CO.—Wood Emrniveis.118 

CHAT1LLON, JOHN A SONS.—Spring Balance*.92 

GHADBORN A COLDWELL MFC. CO —Lawn Mowers. 94 

CHERITON, T. F.—‘‘Auti-Prii t on ” Hangers.96 

CORNISH, W, H. A CO,—Gnidui Seeds.'114 

DiCKERSGM, VAN DUSEN A CO.-Metals.70 

DE GRAUW, AYIV5AR A CO.-Sliip Chandlery.40 

DEJTZ, A. E.-F.at Keyed Locks.106 

DOSCHER, MARTEN.-Bradley’s Edge Tools. 60 

FULLER BROTHERS A CO.-Cnt Nni’s and Spikes..44 

KPASSE, PET R A., A CO.--Jew* ler»’ and Mechanics’ Tools. €4 

GROVESTEEN A FULLE R.—Pianos.12o 

GRAHAM A HAINES .— Mann fact nr< rs’ Agents.26 

HOLBROOK BROTHERS. —Plate and Window Glass..... 54 

HOPKINS, HENBY.-U .rdware.2d page cover 

HUMASON A BECKLEY MFC. CO.-Pocket Cutl ry, &c.90 

HENRY SEYMOUR C U T L E -e Y C O .-Shears and Sti sors.C8 

HARDER, W! 1N ARD.-Threshing Machines.£8 

HOOPES A MERRY.—Galvanized Iron, &c..78 

HUNDLEY. V. C.-Ha. ■dies and Spokes.110 

IRON CLAD MANUFACTURING CO. —Galvanized iron Ware... 74 

JENNINGS, C. ft., A CO.—Mechanics’ Too’s. 23 

KETCHAM, E. A CO .-Stamp-, d 'I in Ware, &c .72 

LANS A GALE.-Mu rd’-* Axes and Tools.108 

LIVINGSTON HORSE NAIL CO. —Ilor.-e Sho.s, &c .52 

LESLEY, ALEX. Wl. A CO -Refrig<raiors,.20 

MILLERS FALLS CO.-Wo «*d Workers’ Tools.4th page cover 

FI EW AMERICAN F»LE CO.—Files and Hasps. 32 

NORWICH LOCK SVIFC. CO. —Builders’ hardware. 14 

NORTHAMPTON CUTLERY CO.-T. ble Cutte-y. 23 

NEW YORK STAMPING C O — 4 Acme ” Fry Pans. 66 

PECK, STOW A WILCOX CO. —Tim era’ Mach'nep, etc.93 

QUACKENBUSH, TOWNSEND A CO —Hardwaio Merchant*.. 10 

REMINGTON, E. A SONS. —Guns and Ammunition. 12 

REM JNCTO M AGRICULTURAL CO.-Plows. 116 

RICHARDSON BROS.-Savs. ?4 

ROIVIER A CO.—Locks, Lant-n**, &c. 76 

R J £ SELL A ERWSN MFC. CO.-H ardware. 16 

SARGENT A CO.—Sprague Can Opeinrs. 13 

STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL CO. —Iron P.ancs, &c. 60 

STANLEY WO RK S.— Wrought Butts and Hinges. 33 

SISE, HORACE F.-Brass Padlocks. 80 

SMITH, J FINLEY.-Brushes.1...10J 

TF AVER 3 BROTHERS. —Ami rienn Hammocks. 42 

Tie bout, w„ a j. —Galvanized liar ware. *6 

UNION NUT CO.—Bolts, Washers 4 Ac. 50 

WESTER VELT, A. B. A W. T.-On amental Ir*n Work. 24 

WILEY A RUSSELL WlFC. CO.-"Lightning” Tools. SO 




























































/ <W/?/ s 


lo 


PREFACE. 


CK> 
(TO 1 


The necessity for a Handy B:ok of Reference 
similar to this hes been manifest for a great 
many years; and the knowledge that such a corn- 
pilation would prove of undoubtsd utility, has 
been experienced by every dealer in the articles 
to which this wcik refers. 

It is no doubt true that many books have been 
already published which singly or collectively 
contain nearly all the items of information care¬ 
fully embodied in this; but most of them are 
works of limited circulation, not readily cbtaired, 
and frequently ccs'.ing a price that places them 
beyond the reach of the smaller dealer who is 
most apt to need the information. 

This work has been compiled from a mu'titude 
of sources with a great degree of care; many 
months having been passed in the congenial em¬ 
ployment; and the information herein contained 
will be found reliable, and from the scarcily of 
similar publications will, we hepe naturally rec¬ 
ommend its careful preservation. 


























CONTENTS 


S'ne requ’red for Ship’s Tonnage.44 

ALLOYS.—Composition of various kind-*.T* 

** —Specific gravity of “ “ . T# 

ACCEPTANCES.-Hules regarding »h<m.11 

AMERICAN GRADES OF EM ERY.-Cloth and Paper. 69 

ARTESIAN WELL TUBES —Weight and dimensions of.II 

AN T IDOTES for the various Poisons . 21 

AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT.-Table of.25 

APOTHECARIES “ “ . 25 

AXES, BENCH. —Standard cut of eich No.109 

-BRASS, WIRE .—Weight of let* feet. 65 

KETTLES.—Weight and capacity of each size. 68 

44 TUBING .—Weight per foot. 68 

“ SHE ET.—Heavy, woiglit to square foot. 6 t 

BUTTS, BRASS. —Width when open and screws required.69 

“ CAST. —Screws required for each siz >. f# 

44 WR OU CHT.- 1 Screws required for each size. 39 

BOLTS, MACHINE.—No. to 100 lbs. 49 

BUILDING MATERIALS.-Weight of per cubic foot.119 

“ “ What certain quantities can do. 6 T 

BUSINESS LAWS in da ly use.9 & 11 

BROKERS' TECHNICALITIES.81 

BOILER TUB A S.—Lap welded, weight an t dimensions.61 

“ IRON.—Legal thickness r qn : red and preseuro allowed. . 101 

“ “ We ght of, to square foot.101 

RIVETS —No. in 100 pound-*. 101 

BUTCHER KNIVES .-Wilson’s, length of each No.Ill 

BAR IRON.—P at, weight to foot. 93 

“ 44 Round and Square, weight to foot. 80 

4 4 STE EL —Plat, weight to f.»ot. 101 

** “ Round, Square and Octagon, weight to foot.104 

144 BRASS.—Weight to foot.61 

44 COPPER .-' 1 ‘ 61 

BRAZED COPPER PIPES.-Wdght t 3 foot.. 6 » 

BILLS OF EXCHANGE ex dalmd. 13 

BOXES."Capacity o’, to ho d spccitb d quantities. 6 T 

BRAZIERS' RIVETS. —No. in a pound.ci 

BLOCKS, TACKLE .—Diam. of sheave-* and size of rope taken.Ill 

. CROWBARS .—Weight and dimensions of e ich size. 109 

CIRCULAR SAWS.—Standard gauges and directions in ordering. 81 

COAL SCREENS. -Met»h required by dealers.jqj 

COPPER, SHEET.—Standard sizes and weight of each sho-t . 59 

4 4 44 Weight to square foot. gj 

. 44 II avy, w« ight to square foot. 61 

WIRE.—Weight to lOOfoct.eg 


tt 
















































CON i ENTS—Continued. 


COPPER RIVETS a^d BURS.—No. of each size In pound. CS 

PIPFS —Wi igltl to foot. c>2 

“ TUBING.- Weight to foot. 

CHAIN COIL .—Weight «*f romn on and Proved to foot.41 

Strength of Tf**ted . 41 

“ GERMAN ,—Wire emge. weight and strength.. 4t 

CASTERS, BED AND PLATE.—Size of wheel*..Ill 

CUT NAILS.—Length and number of each in pound.45 

“ “ Ext a cost of Special ri/es. 45 

14 SPIKES —Number of each in a keg.45 

TAC KS. ~ Length and nu.-.ibi r of each in pound.45 

CORDAGE .—Number of pounds to the foot.50 

Approximate weight and strength. G® 

COTTERS, SPRING. —Siz.-s dimensions and n9es of each.43 

CROSS TIES —Number r< quire<l to mile of track. .10$. 

CO PARTN E RSH I PS.—Legal requirements of... 15 

CAPS, PERCUSSION.—El y’s *‘ E. B.” Consecutive numbering.lll- 

CORUNDUM .—Grades of fineness of ea' h number. 6® 

CAPACITY OP FREIGHT CARS.103- 

CISTERNS Dimens one and capacity of, in g .Lous. 67 

CUBIC MEASURE.-Table of. r . 27 

CEMENT.—To harden quickly.89 

“ For leather belting.89 

CONDUCTORS and non-conductors, Telegraphic.7t 

DRAIN PIPE.—Practical rule for laying.89 

DRAWN TUBING, Seamless, weight to foot .. . Gi 

DRY MEASURE.—Table of.—.27 

DRAFTS AND ACCEPTANCES. —Rules regarding them. 13- 

EMERY. —Grade of fineness of e idi No... 09 

PAPER AND CLOTH.—Comparative grading.69 

EXCHANGE, FOREIGN -Vain.-of expUued. li 

FILES .—Standard Jen.th, width and thickness. Si 

FRY PANS.—Dimensions of ^ach No.113. 

FREIGHT CARS.-Capacity of. 101 

FENCE POSTS- —How to prepare.89 

GAUGES, WIRE .—American and Englis . compared.10 ft 

“ “ STUBS’ expressed in parts of an inch. C9 

GRINDSTONES.— —How io obtain the weight of.43 

GERM A Pi COIL CHAIN.—Wire Gauge, and wtight to 100 feet. 41 

CAS PIPE, WELDED. —Weight and dimeus.ons of. 85 

GUN GUAGE, ENGLISH. —Expressed iu fractions of an inch.Ill 

HOsfSE i HOES.— A eiglit of each size.f 3 

“ SHOE NAILS.- Li ngth and number in a pound of each siz8.. 53 

HATCHETS. —Standard length of cut of each No.109- 

HEAT EFFECTS on various b idies... .107 

HATTERS’ SIZES.-Tableof.til 

HINGES, STRAP AND T.-Szj* of Screws required. 89 

k k * * Weight to dozen of Heavy *-izes. .... 89 

HOOP IRON. —Number of feet in Bundle..5*1 

INTEREST TABLE .—At 6 per cent. 15 

“ RULES.- For various percentage*. 17 

INCOME FROM INVESTMENTS at various Costs. 17 

ICE, STRENGTH OF, ut various tl.icknoesci?... &£ 
























































6 CONTENTS—Continued. 


4 i 
« 
t < 
« ( 
<( 


IROW, VALUE TO TON. at 10th* of a cent vaiia ion.91 

FLAT.-Weig lit tj ruiming foot.93 & 9* 

ROUTED “ “ “ .»T 

SQUARE “ “ “ . » 5 

SHEET AND PLATE weight t j square foot.10® 

RUSSIA jind pjr Sheet.... T9 

“ Wire Gauge and number compa’e I. T9 

AMERICA* “ w.ifhtand i es in onrroi t use..105 

CJ \ L V A N \Z, £ 3 weight p ;r <.hc ;t and squ in* f »ot.SI 

“ Price per pqu ire ft at vatioiH diects.. 81 

SOSLER. —Legal thieknes* and prefsare required.101 

4 * Weight to square loot.101 

BAND.—Number of feet in Bundle.99 

FLAT.— “ “ “ .9T 

HOOP AND SCROLL. —Number of fett in Bund o.9t 

ROUND AND SQUARE.— “ “ . M 

TIRE, 3N SETS.—Numbe. of pannd-in 64 feet.47 

RAILS.—Am 'u:it reqi’r id for mile of track.105 

WiRE.—G m_;e, Diame er and Breaking Strain.87 

** Length it; a Bundle, and 1 cwt.87 

Weight of 103 yard.* and t mile.87 

Sixes expressed in fractions of jid inch. 37 

KEYS, SPR/WG.—Dimensions and applications...49 

KETTLES, BRASS. —"Weight and capacity c£.05 

LEAD P j PE.—Sranrtaid weights of. .’. v 5 

“ SHEET. —Weights to squire foot mana'aotured. 79 

LAWS, BUSIN ESS.—In every day use.8 & 9 

LAP WELDED TUBES. —S zjK and dimensions ot.85 

LIST OF STAND A ROLTH i?E ADS, on Bolts and Nut*.SI 

LONG SVSEASURE.-iabe of... 25 

LINEAL 03 S JRVEYORS’ MEASURE .—Table of. 25 

LIQUID MEASURE .—Table of.*7 

LIGHTNING ROD TUBES.—Weight of Copper and Zinc to foot.62 

IVIETAL SUP PL \ ES.— 1 Quantities in which they are sold. 83 

METALS .—Tensile strength and resistance of. 71 

Weight of per cubic in"b and foot. TO 

Relative malleabiii y of. 71 

Specific resistances of,. 71 

gravity of.70 

METRIC SYSTEM, of weights and measures. 29 

l\flGLASSES CATES , — Diameter and bore of each number.Ill 

IVDLL SAWS.—Standard gunges in inches. 55 


t L 

a 

a 

4 * 

4 i 
6 i 
4 6 

% I 
4 * 
4 C 

44 
4 i 
4 ( 
44 
4 t 
4 ft 
4 b 
4 4 
44 
ft ft 
4 ft 


4 4 
4 ft 


ft t 
4 ft 
4 < 

4 ft 


MAS*ORELS, CIRCULAR SAW. —Standard sixes . 35 

MATERIALS, V AR10 ’J 3.—Weight of, per cubic foot.119 

Specific gravity of.119 

MACHINE. BOLTS.—No. 1o 100 pound-. ..49 

MEASURES OF CAPACITY.- -Dimensh ns of Base-*, etc.8T 

NA LS y CUT.—I ’rices of ,-di Extras above lOd. rate.45 

AND SPIKES .—No. of each to pound or keg.45 

HORSE SHOE.—hawbtrd lengths and No. in pound.63 

NUTS, WROUGHT .—Dimension* of- all regn ar sizes. 51 

Iso. of each size in keg. ;. 51 

OVAL SLIDE VISES.—Size of Screws weight and b ngth of Jaw*. its 




















































CONTENTS—Continued, 7 

OIL WELL CAS^N G. —Standard sizes and weight.8G 

POI'OWi AND THEIR ANTIDOTES.23 

PICKS, f? . R. AND Wl IN ?NC.-Stunda d Weights of. 103 

POPULATION OF STATES and Te> ritories—18S0.. t\ 

“ PR INC PAL CITIES-isso.21 

PLATE IRON. —Weij-lit to squ ire foot.lo# 

PLANTS .—No 1 1 Acre p’aced at. state I distanc* s ..117 

PLATES ~I ion, Steel, Copper, and Brass—Wiight tosquare foot.67 

TIN. Wir*'g.ug , w<ight, name, etc.73 

PIPE, LEAD, ANDTiN LINE D.—Standard weights of.S3 

CAS WELQED.-W i;hr »nd dim a sions of.SC 

PUTTY .—Recip s to make Painters’ and Glaziers’.83 

Ho v to soft< n and remove.83 

QUANTITIES.—A Table of.2T> 

RULES TO BE OBSERVED.—!" ord -rug M- tal? cr Wire.69 

“ i 4 44 Iu temp-ring Steel.107 

“ * 4 4 4 In computing Slates T-r Roofing.... S3 

44 1:: ordering Ci - cu]; rSawe.S5 

4< 4 4 4 4 In laying Drain P.pe.89 

RAILS. SPLICES AND BOLTS Required per mile of Track.103 

RIVETS AND BURS, COPPER. —No. of each in a pound.63 

“ BOILED, 44 BURDENS.” —No. of each ?ize in a keg.101 

RAILROAD SPIKES.—No. of each size in 100 pounds.47 

RUSSIA SHEET IRON. —Wire gauge, No. and weight to sheet.79 

RODS, STEEL, “STUBS." —No?, expressed in divisions of an inch.112 

ROOFING SLATE. —Si/e of, and No. to a square.83 

“ TIN.—Cost of, with 14x20 Tin..75 

4 4 4 4 “ “ 20x28 Tin.71 

ROPE, MANILA.- weight per 103 fathom?.CO 

“ 44 “ of tarred and hawser luid.60 

44 44 No. of feet to a pound of each size.60 

4 4 4 4 Breaking strength of each size.60 

RAILWAY SIGN ALS.—A System of, in general use.81 

RESERVOIRS. —Dimensions and Capacity of each in gallons.87 

RUSTY BOLTS. —IIow to remove easily.89 

SASH WEIGHTS -L ength and thickness of each size.67 

SAWS, CIRCULAR AND MILL .—Standard gauges « f each. 35 

“ “ 44 Directions for ordering.85 

SHE IT IRON. —Weight to square foot.....100 

44 44 N< s. and weigl t? in common use.105 

44 “ GALVANIZED. —Price at list and discounted.79 

44 2L \ NC.—Weight to sheet and square foot.79 

44 COPPER.—Weight per square ft., and thickness by Eng. gu^c 49 

44 “ of each sheet. ..49 

4 4 4 4 AND BRASS.- Heavy, we'ght in pounds.. 61 

ST RAP AND T HiN GES—Weight of heavy s zes to dozen.33 

44 4 4 4 4 Sizes of screws required... 39 

SPRING COTTERS AND KEYS .—Size "and dimensions of.49 

SPIKES, CUT. —No. of each size in a keg.45 

44 BOAT AND SHIP.—No. of each size in a k‘g.47 

SEED.— 1 Quantity nsu illy sown to an ace.115 

44 “ required for given No. of plants.115 

SHOT, DROP AND SUCK. —Standard sizes and No. in an ounce.... 35 




















































8 


CONTENTS—Continued. 


SKATES .—Sizes in inches compared with Shoe sizes.Ill 

STEEL, BAR. —Round, Square, ami Octagon, weight to foot.1W 

“ “ FLAT.—Weight to foot.105 

44 WIRE .—Weight to 100 feet.65 

“ “ RODS. —Nos. • xpressed in parts of an inch. 30 

“ CROWBARS. —Weight and dimensions of.ltd 

SCREENS, COAL. —Sizes of Mesh required.lid 

SIGNALS. RAILWAY.—The current system of.21 

SURVEYING (L NEAL) M eASURE.-Table of. 25 

SQUARE ME ASU RE.-Tabic of. 27 

SOLID BOX VISES. — L< ngth of Jaws of each size.113 

SLATE ROOFING .—Rule to compu e it.83 

SCROLL IRON.—No. of feet in a bundle.dl 

TACKS, CUT. —No of each ske in a pound.45 

TACKLE BLOCKS. —Size of Sheaves and Rope required for each.113 

THREADS, STANDARD .—Li-t of, for Bolts and Nuts.51 

TEMPERING STEEL. —Rules to be observed.107 

TREES. —No. to the acre p’aced at stated distances.117 

TIN PLATES .—Standard kind** and si/es. 67 

4 4 4 4 Weight, Wire gauge, and No. of Sheets In a bax.. 67 

“ ROOFING. —Cost per square, at various rates per box.75, and 77 

TA^KS, IRON .—Dimensions and contents of various sizes. 87 

TIN LINED PIPE. —Standard sizes of...85 

TIRE IRON.—Weight per set of each size.47 

TECHNICALITIES, BROKERS, explained. 31 

TROY WEIGHT.-Table of. 24 

TUBES, BOILER.—Weight and dimensit ns of. 86 

ARTESIAN WELL.—Weight and dimensions if.86 

VALUE OF IRON.-To the 'i on at a given j rice per pound. dl 

“ BY THE PIECE of Articles at a given price per dozen.Id 

VELOCITY AND FORCE of the wind. 113 

VISES, OVAL SLID E.—Weight,‘s'ze of Screws rnd Ungth of Jaws_113 

SOLID BOX.—Weight and length of Jaws.113 

WASH E RS.—Standard sizes ami No. of eacli in a keg.53 

WOOD FOR FUE L.—Comparative me* its of various kinds.57 

WINDOW GLASS.-No. of panes in box of etch size. 55 

WILSON’S BUTCHER KNIVES.-Length of each No.Ill 

WORKSHOP RECIPES o court niencts and utility. 89 

WEIGHT TO A CUBIC FOOT of various Metals and Allojs. 70 

4 4 4 4 44 “ Building Materials.119 

WIRE, BRASS.—Weight to 100 feet, in pounds...C5 

44 COPPER.-“ “ “ .i. 65 

“ STEEL.- 44 “ “ . 65 

4 4 4 4 Weight of l f, 0 feet inpounds. 65 

44 IRON.—Sizes ly W. G , expressed in decimals of an inch.112 

WIRE GAUGES. English and American compared.104 

WElCHTSANDWlkASU RES.—Com: lete tat 1 s of.26 and 27 

4 4 4 4 The Metric Syst m of.29 

WRENCHES, “COE’S .’’ — S'ze of Nut taken by each length.109 

WEIGHTS TO MEASURE oil’ loduce established by Jaw........117 

WIND, TH E.—Veloc tv and force of.115 

ZINC, SHEET.—Wire G iugf, No. ami weight to Sheet. 79 

44 TUBING.-Weig ht per foot. 63 























































HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES 


D 


BUSINESS LAW IN BALLY USE. 

Tha following compilation of business law contains the essence 
of a large amount of legal verbage : 

If a noto is lost or stolen, it does not release the maker; ho 
must pay it, if the consideration for which it was given and the 
amount can be proven. 

Notei bear intei*est only when so stated. 

Princ;pali ar) responsible for the acts of their agents. . 

Each individual in a partnership is responsible for the whole 
amount ef the debts cf the firm, except in cases cf special part* 
ut rship. 

Ignorance of the law excuses no one. 

The law compels no one to do impossibilities. 

An agreement without consideration is void. 

A note made on Sunday is void. 

Contracts made on Sunday cannot be enforced. 

A note by a minor is void. 

A contract made with a minor is void. 

A contract made with a lunatic is void. 

A note obtained by fraud, or from a person in a state of Intox¬ 
ication, cannot be collected. 

It is a fraud to conceal a fraud. 

Signatures made with a 1 ad pencil are good in law. 

A receipt for money is not always conclusive. 

The acts of one partner bind nil the rest. 

** Value received ” i usually written iu a note, and should be, 
but is not necessary. If not written it is presumed by the law, 
or may be supplit d by proof. 

The maker of an “ accommodation ” bill or note (ono for 
which he has received no consideration, having lent his name or 
credit for the accommodation of the holder) is not bound to the 
pars n accommodated, but is bound to all o her parties, precisely 
us if there was a good consideration. 

No consideration is sufficient in law if it be illegal in its na¬ 
ture. 

Checks or draf s must bo presented for payment without un- i 
reasonable delay. 

Checks or drafts should be presented during business hours, 
but in this country, except iu tfio case of banks, the time extends . 
through the diy and evening. 

If thi drawee of a check or draft has changed his residence, 
th i holder must use due or reasonable diligence to fiud him. 

If ouo who holds a check a -i payee cr otherwise, transfers it to 
another, h > has a right to insist that th i check bo presented that 
day, or, at farthest, on the following day. 

A note indorsed in blank (the name of the indorser only writ- 
ton) is transferable by delivery, the same as if made payable to 
be arer. 

If the t.’mo of payment of a note is not inserted, it is held pay¬ 
able on demand. 
































(See their Advertisement on page 14.) 


DEPOT FOR 




ekver 





P 




IJoTiglt a ltd 'i jeacly, apd 

t 

*: Silver Clipper $6ytlte$, 

i • 

;i ALL WARRANTED. 



Chambers and 67 Reade Streets, 

r 

• • « 

■ 1STEW YORK. 








HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 


t i 


! BUSINESS LAW IN DAILY USE.--Continued. 

The f .mo of payment cf a rote mn c t ret depend upon a con- 
tiugene'-. The promise mmt be al>clutc. 

# A bill may be written upon any paper, or substitute for it, 
either with ink or p- nciJ. 

The payee should bo distinctly named in the note, unless it io 
paa able to bearer. 

.An indorsee lias a r'ght of action against all whose names wero 
• on the bill when he received it. 

If the letter containing a protest of non-payment bo put info 
the post office, any miscarriage does not affect the party giving 
! notice. 

Notice cf protest may bo rent either to the place cf business cr 
of residence of tho party notifft d. 

The L 1-der of a uote may give notice cf pretest either to all 
the previous indorsers or only to one of them; in case of tho 
hitter he must select the last indorser, and the last must give no¬ 
tice to tho last before him, and so on. Each indorser must send 
notice the same day or the day following. Neither Sunday or 
legal hoi day is to be counted in reckoning the time in which 
notice is to bo given. 

Tho loss of a bill or note is not suffie’ent ezeuse fer net giving 
notice of protest. 

If two cr more persons as partners are jointly liable on a noto 
or bill, due notice to one of the n is sufficient. 

If a note or bill is transfer* d as security, or even as payment 
of a pi'e-existing de bt, the debt revives if the bill or note be dis¬ 
honored. 

An indorsement may bo written on the face or back. 

An indorser may prevent his own liability to be sued by wri¬ 
ting “ without recourse,” or similar w’ords. 

All claims which do not rest upon a seal or judgment must bo 
sued within six years from the time when they arise. 

Part payment of a debt which has passed the time of statutory 
limitation revives the whole debt, and the claim holds good fer 
another period of six years from tho dato cf such partial pay¬ 
ment. 

A verbal promise to pay, made without condition, is generally 
held as sufficient to revive a claim otherwise shut out by the law 
of limitation. 

If, when a debt is duo, tho debtor is out of the State, the “six 
years” do not begin to run until lie returns. If he afterward 
Navo tho State, the time forward counts tho same as if be re¬ 
mained in tho State. 

An oral agreement must be proved 1 y evidence. A written 
agreement proves itself. The law prefers written to oral evi- 
d nc3 because of its precision. 

No evidenco may be introduced to contradict or vary a written 
contract; but it may be received in order to explain it, when 
such contract is in need of explanation. 


T 


i 


•j 




> 

4 

r 





*•( 


*. » 
































E. REMINGTON & SONS, 

MANUFACTURERS 07 

i 

MILITARY, SPOTTING, HUNTING AND TAEGLT 








SHOT-GUNS and PISTOLS 


Cartridges, Primers, Bullets, Shot, Shells, 
LOADING IMPLEMENTS, EIPLE CANES, &o. 


ALSO 


THE CELEBRATED 


M afoli R ifl 


Vernier and Wind Gauge Sights, Spirit 
Level, Swiss Huff, with 
Cheek Piece, 


Send for I lustrated Catalogue containing our 
NEW MODEL 


The Clnapest and Best Gun in the Market* 

ALSO, OUR NEW LINE OP 

EIFLSS AMD REVOLVERS. 

63PJEG1A JL, Pi-iICfcS TO DEALERS. 


E. Remington & Sons, 

281 and 283 Broadway, 


B. O, Box 29S7. 


NEW YORK. 










r= 


HOPXINS' handy notes and queries 


(3 


Bills of Exchange, Drafts, Acceptances. 

A Till] rf Exchange or Draff, is an order drawn by one person or firm muon 
' an'.tlitr, payab'e either at eight or at a staled future time. 

J_t l ec< mes hu ** Acceptance ” v hen the party upon whom it is drawn 
s across! hi fare “Accepted,” and signs his name then to, aid is ne¬ 
gotiable and bank l ie the same as a note, and subject to the same laws. 

Jn many States both Sight and Time drafts > re entitled to i:.rce da\s i race, 
the same as not. a; but if made in 10 m of a bank check, ‘ pay to,” without 
the wo ds ‘-at sight ” it is payabl; on presentation withe ntgiace. 

Demand Notes arc payable * n presentation without g ace, unci h'-ar Dral 
interest, after a cl mand l as been trade, if not so writtc n. Ancndorscrcn 
a demand note is ho den only for a limited time, variable in different States. 

A Negotiable Note must he made payable either to beivc r. e r be prop-rly 
endorsed by fie person to wln^e order P is made. If tie endorser wishes 
t o av id responsib lity, 1 e < an c ndorse *• without recourse. ” 

A Joint Note is one signed by two or more persons, who each bccoir.o 
liable for the w^o'e amount. 

M hree Days’ Gr ice am > l owed on all time n^tes, a f ter fbo time for pay¬ 
ment c xpires; if i ot then paid, the endorser, if any, should le leiL.l/ 
notified, t j be holden. 

j Foreign Exchange, Talue of U. S. Coins, etc. 

Thevalm of One round Striding or an Engl’sh Sovereign, coropa~ed wifi 
old IT S. « oins is ?t.444, but Cot gre s ha*, irom time to lime, ieduced the 
weight ai d purity of U. S. coins, makiugthei - value as im tala less than th. ir 
value as coins, and has c staMi-hod the present legal value of a Pound Ster¬ 
ling at £4.84. Exchange i* ba*ed on t^e old c r nominal vainc ot’ a Pout d, 
so that when e xchange is sai l to b ; at 9 per cent, premium, it is then at j ar 
vain-’; when below 1) per cent., it is b„low par; and wLu above 0 ecr cent., 
above par, etc. 

Copartnerships. 

Pa-tner^hips may bn ci‘her general or special. In general pa-tneri-hips, 
DKimy invested cease* to be individual ] roperty. Each member i nnde 
ner-ona ly liabl s for the whole amount of debts incurred by the company. 
The company is liable for all contracts or cbl.gations made by individual 
members. 

Special Partners f re r ot liable beyond th rt amonnt contributed. 

A person may become a partnei by allowing peop'e gene ally to presume 
that lie is ore, as, by having kis name on the sign, or parcels, or in the bills 
u edinthebu*ine*s. 

A share or t pecific interest in the p'olfs o- Ps* of a business, as remuner¬ 
ation for labor, may invob e one in the liability of a partnei. 

In case of bankruptcy, the jo'nt estate is fi st app'i d to the payment r f 
partnership d bts, the surplus only going to the creditors of the iudixidual 
esate. 

A D’ss-.’nf'on r f partnership may take place under express stipulations in 
f e articles of agreement. by mutual consent, by the death or insani y of 
| one of the firm, byawaidof arbitrators, or by court of equity in cases of 
mi-conduct of some memner < f 'he firm 

A p .niter signing his indiv dual n me to negofable paper, which i* for 
fie me of the partnership fl-m, binds a 1 the partners th' re> y. Nogo'it- 
ble paper of the thm, even though given on private account by rno < f the 
}> irtners, will hold a 1 th'* i artnersof the firm when it parses into the Lands 
of holders -.vho are ignorant of the fact at ten dug its creation. 

Partnership effect* may be bought and soil by a parin' r; henrymekn 
contracts; n ay receive m >rty; endorse, draw, and accept 1 i'is r i d r oes ; 
n ui white this may be for hs own private account, if it apparent Iv l e f> r 
the nse of the firm, hi* par.ntrs will be boui d l y his i ction, provided 1 ho 
pariies dealing wi ll him were ignorant, of the transaction I eii g on his 
pr-vute account; and thus r p-e^entation or misrepres ntatior. or a pnr- 
) er. havl- g rJatmn to busimssof tin firm, w..l Lind the members in the 
partners-h'p. 

jii rape of Death, the surviving partners must account to the representa¬ 
tives of the duxased. 






























ITCmWXCU, CoM.ru, XT- 3. A., 

MANUFACTURERS OF 



Of every description. 


BRONZE HARDWARE, 

A fad and extensive line in all the popular styles of elaborate design 

and perfect finish. 


BRASS AMO BRONZED PAOLOOKS, 

In rew rnd sileable pattern*. 

CAST AND WROUGHT IRON PADLOCKS, 

Wdh Malleable or 1 lat b'teel Kty«. 

OUST STEEL. WARRANTED SHEARS, 

Of unsurpassed quality. 

And a large and constantly increasing line of 


BUILDERS’ HARDWARE. 


Including all the latest styles, and consisting of 


Dronzcd and Solid Jironze Door Dntts anil Handles, 
Sash Dulls, Shutter liars. Sash Lifts . Drawer Dulls, 
Door Dolts, Cupboard Turns, and 
Scree'll Door Catches, 

For any or all of which criers are respectfully solicited. 



•H O " N3 ’ HANDY NOTES ANO QUERIES. J3 

$ 

INTEREST TABLE. 1 

Six Per C<:4*t. i 


Tim- 

SI 

82S3|*4 

85 

«6 

87 

$8.!$9 

Siol&ioo |1000 

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1 Year. 

612 

18 2430.36 42 

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48,54 

60.6 00 

60 

CO 





































































































NEW YORK, 

NEW BRITAIN, CONN., 

' PHILADELPHIA, PA., 

BALTIMORE, MD. ( 

1 -rsrr- ■ ... 

Manufacturers of 



Machine Screws, Coach Screws, 

. nw m mrmt mw iwkm if — -mm Min wr——^ *mamm*m*rn* 


STOVE BOLTS , TIRE BOLTS , 


RIVETS, &c. 






























HOPKBNS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES 


17 


Rate of Annual Income of Investments, 

PAJi YAIA7E BEING $100, BEVKING INTEREST AT 


Price paid. 

5# 

a 

! 

j 7# 

8$ 

10# 

$50 

lO.OO 

12.00 

14.00 

16.00 

20.00 

55 

9.09 

10.90 

12.72 

1 i. 55 

18.18 

60 

8.33 

10.00 

11.66 

13.33 

16.66 

65 

7.69 

9.23 

10.76 

12.30 

15.38 

70 

7.14 

8.57 

10.00 

11.42 

14.28 

75 

6.66 

8.00 

9.33 

10.66 

13.35 

80 

6.25 

7 50 

8.75 

iO.OO 

12.50 

82.j 

6.06 

7.27 

8.48 

9.69 

11.12 

85 

5.88 

7.05 

8.23 

9.41 

11.76 

87i 

5.71 

6.85 

8.00 

9.14 

11.42 

90 

5.55 

6.66 

7 77 

8.88 

11.11 

92£ 

5.40 

6.48 

7.56 

8.64 

10.80 

95 

5.26 

6.31 

7.36 

8.42 

10 52 

96 

5.20 

6.25 

7.29 

8.33 

10.41 

97 

5.15 

6.18 

7.21 

8.24 

10.30 

9 1 -h 

5.12 

6.15 

7.17 

8.20 

10.25 

98 

5.10 

6.12 

7.14 

8.16 

10.20 

99 

5.05 

6.06 

7.07 

8.08 

10.10 

100 

5.00 

6.00 

7.00 

8.00 

10.00 

101 

4.95 

5.94 

6.93 

7.92 

9.90 

102 

4.90 

5.88 

6 86 

7.84 

9.80 

ioa 

4.85 

5.82 

6.79 

7.76 

9.70 

104 

4.80 

5.76 

6.73 

7.69 

9.61 

105 

4.76 

5.71 

6.66 

7.61 

9.52 

110 

4.54 

5.45 

6.36 

7.27 

9.09 

115 

4.34 

5.21 

6.08 

6.95 

8.69 

120 

4.16 

5.00 

5.83 

6.66 

8.33 

125 

4.00 

4.80 

5.60 

6.40 

8.00 

130 

3.84 

4.61 

5.38 

6.15 

7.69 

135 

3.70 

4.44 

5.18 

5 92 

7.40 

140 

3.57 

4.28 

5.00 

5.71 

7.14 

145 

3.44 

4.13 

4.82 

5.51 

6.89 

150 

3.33 

4.00 

4.66 

5.33 1 

6.66 




- Interest Rules. 

Fouk Pan Cent.— Multiply the principal by the number of days to run ; 
separate the right hand figure from product, and divide by fi. 

Five Per Cent.— Multiply by number of days, and divide by 72 

Six Per Cent. —Multiply by number of days ; separate right hand figure, 
and divide by 6. 

Seven and Three-Tenths Per Cent.— Multiply by number of days, 
and double the amount so obtained. On $100 the interest is just two cents 
p *r day. 

Eight Per Cent. —Multiply by number of days, and divide bv 46 . 

Nine Per Cent. —Multiply by number of days; separate right 1 ^id fig- 
u v, and divide by 4. 

Ten Per Cent. —Multiply by number of days, and divide by 3fi. ^ 

Twelve Per Cent. —Multiply by number of days; separate right hand 
figure, and divide by U. 





















































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Total Value of Articles by the Piece, Reckoned from 1 to 1 Dozen. 


HOPKINSMHANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 19 


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ZERO REFRIGERATOR. 


Eor Warming 




Pnic and Private Bmlfflnp. 

DURABLE, POWERFUL, 


ECONOMICAL. 


FREE FROM GAS. 

Diploma given by the American In¬ 
stitute, 1881 and 1882. 

ALEX. M. LESLEY) Manufacturer, 

1343 Broadway, bet 35th & 3^th Sts., 

new ■Y'onxr. 


With WATER , WINE and MILK COOLER. 
The Best Meats f ruit and Ice Keeper in the World. 
MAINTAINS THE PRE-EMINENCE. 
40,000 Sold. 

Grand Award of Merit by Centennial Exhibition. 

THADE SUPPLIED. SEND FOR CATALOGUE. 

ROTUNDA FURNACE, 

























































































































HOPK5NS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES 


21 


Population of the United States. 



CENSUS OF 1890. 

. 

Alabama... .„ 


Ohio. 


Arkansas. 


Oregon. 


California. 


Pennsylvania. 


Colorado. 


Rhode' Island... 


Connecticut. 


South Carolina. 

. 995,706 

Delaware.. 


Tennessee. 

..1,542,463 

Florida.,,.. 


Texas.. 


Georgia. 


Vermont. 


Illinois. 


Virginia. 

.1,512,263 

Indiana.... 


West Virginia. 


Iowa. 


Wisconsin. 


•••«•••••« •••••*•• 

... 995,335 



Kentucky... 


Total States. 

49,869,965 

Louisiana. 


THE TERRITORIES. 

Maine .. 


Alaska. 


Maryland.. 


Arizona. .. 


Massachusetts... 

...1,783,086 

Dakota. 

. 134,502 

Michigan. 

... 1,63-1,696 

Dist. of Columbia. 

. lti,633 

Minnesota. 

... 780,807 

Idaho. 

. 32.611 

Mississippi .. 

...1,131,899 

Montana... 

. 39.157 

Missouri. 


New Mexico. 

. 118,430 

Nebraska. 

... 452.432 

Utah. 

143,907 

Nevada.. 

62,265 

Wash ington... 

.. 75,120 

New Hampshire. 

347 ’784 

Wyoming... 

. 21^788 





New Jersey. 

1,130,892 



N ew Y ork... 

...5,083,173 

Total Territories. 

. 7«2, 594 

\nrfti r'lirfYlinn __ 

1..t0ft.00u 

Total U. S. 

50,152,554 

Population of tin 

5 Principal Cities. 


Cities having a population of 30,000 and upward, according to the Uuited 


States Census of 1S80. 


Rank. 


Rank. 


21 Albany, N. Y. 

... 90,903 

38 Minneapolis, Minn. 

.. 46,887 

23 Allegheney, Pa. 

... 78,681 

60 Mobile, Ala. 


61 Atlanta, Ga. 

. .. 34,398 

40 Nashville, Tenn. 

.. 43,461 

7 Baltimore, Md. 

... 332,190 

15 Newark, N. .1. 


5 Boston, .Mass. 

... 362,535 

26 New Haven, Conn. .. . 

.. 62,882 

3 Brooklyn, N. Y. 

... 566,689 

10 New Orleans, La. 

.. 216,140 

13 Buffalo. N. Y. 

. . . 155,137 

1 New York, N. Y. 

. 1,206,590 

31 Cambridge, Mass. 

... 52,740 

50 Oakland, Cal. 

.. 34,556 

44 Camden, N. J. 


64 Omaha, Neb. 

.. 80,513 

36 Charleston, 8. C. 

49,999 

34 Paterson, N. J..... 


I 4 Chicago, Ill. 

. . . 503,304 

2 Philadelphia, Pa. 


8 Cincinnati, Ohio. 


12 Pittsburgh, Ca. 

.. 156,381 

11 Cleveland, Ohio. 

... 160,142 

53 Portland, Me. 

. 83,810 

33 Columbus^ Ohio. 

... 61,665 

20 Providence, R. I. 




41 Reading, Pa. 

.. 43,280 

40 Den ver. Col. 

... 

25 Richmond, Va. 


18 Detroit, Mich. 

... 1165142 

22 Rochester, N. Y. 

.. 89,363 

37 Fall River, Mass. 

... 49.006 

1) San Francisco, Cal. 

.. 233,956 

58 Grand Rapids, Mich... 

... 32,015 

63 Savannah, Ga. 

.. 36,681 

62 Il irrisburg, Pa. 

... 30,762 

89 Scranton, Pa. 

.. 45.S50 

42 Hartford, Conn. 

... 42,553 

55 Sprir.glield, Mass. 

.. 33.340 

HohnlrATi \ .T 

80.999 

67 St. Joseph, Mo. 

.. 32.484 

24 Indianapolis, I*>d. 

_ 75,071 

6 St Louis, Mo. 



120.723 

45 St. Paul, Minn. 

.. 41,498 

30 Kansas City, Mo. 

,., 

82 Syracuse, N. Y. 

.. 61,191 

46 Lawrence, Mass. 

... 39,178 

8 Toledo, Ohio. 

.. 5.143 

16 Louisville, Ky. 

... 12a.»U5 

29 'I’vov, N. Y . 


27 Lowell, Mass. 

... 59,485 

1. N• \ ••••«• •••••• 

.. 33,913 

48 Lvnn, Mass. 

. .. 88,284 

14 Washington, D. C. 

.. 147.307 

66 Manchester, N II. 

. .. 82,030 

59 Wheeling, w Va. 


64 Memphis, Tenn.. 

... 33,593 

43 Wi) mi ugt on, Del. 

.. 42,499 

19 Milwaukee, Wis. 

L --- 

... 115,578 

28 Worcester, Mass. 

.. 5S,29o 























































































































HOUTBliPTON CUTLERY CO., 


NORTHAMPTON, Mass. 

SLANUFACTT7RER8 OFj 


superior table cutlery 

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.*! 


Wii YU < COCOA, EBONY, BONE, RUBBER,! 
WPI n f CELLULOID, IVORY & PLATED. ) 


HANDLES. 


INOIiUDING an assortment of 


CARVERS, WITH PATENT GUARD FORKS, 

of the latest and most approved demons. 



Tempered and ground especially for Professional use. 

Butcher, Sticking and Skinning Knives! 

Id all the usual styles of r perfect finish and guaranteed quality 


A full Assortment of these very Desirable Goods 

CAN 11F, OBTAINED FROM 

QUACKENBUSH. TOWNSEND & C0„ 

No. 85 CHAMBP’.RS nnd 67 RF.ADE STS., or 

WILLIAM BRYCE eft CO.. 

29 CHAMBERS ST., 


KFE W YORK. 









HOPKIno 


< *^TE S AMD OUER ES/&223 


Poisons and their Antidotes. 

Arsenic. —Use the stomach pump instantly; otherwise, give 20 strains sul¬ 
phate of zinc in a little warm water to produce vomiting, or a large table 
spoonful of mustard in warm water. Meanwhile procure some hydraU d 
sesquiozide of iron and give a tablespoonful of it with water every flve'<or 
ten minutes until six doses are taken. Dialyzed iron is also efficient. 

Aqua Ammonia, or Hartshorn, if taken undiluted is a violent poison. 
Give Vinegar, instantly, mixed with a little water, this acts by neutralisa¬ 
tion. Vegetable oils, in large quantity, furnish the next best antidote, the 
ammonia acting upon them to lorm Soap. 

Aconite. —Give an emetic of mustard or sulphate of zinc, or use the 
stomach pump, instantly, then give stimulants, whiskey, brandy, gin or 
rum, &c. 

Aoid — Nitric, Muriatic, or Sulphuric. —If either of these be swallow¬ 
ed, not a moment is to be lost. The best remedy is to till the patient pull 
of < la’cined Magnesia stirred up in water, to the consistency of very thin 
paste; or, give half an ounce of soap shavings in a pint of water. If neitner 
are at hand give chalk or whiting, in water, or even pound tine some of the 
white plastering from the wall and give in water 

Belladonna, Hyoscyamus, Stamonium, and Conium are all narcotics, 
and the treatment is the same as for opium; especially the strong coffee-. 

Cantharides (Spanish Flies).—Give large doses of sweet oil, sugar and 
water, or milk. To relieve the strangury and scalding of urine whice it oc¬ 
casions, give camphor, 10 to 15 drop doses in water. 

Corrosive Sublimate, (Bed bug poison).—Mis up quickly the whites of 
a dozen eggs , with a quart of cold water, give a cupful of the mixture ev^ry 
two minutes till the stomach can hold no more. If you have not eggs 
enough use what you have and make up the deficiency with milk. Wheat 
flour, mixed with water, is good. Use the stomach pump if it can be had 
quickly. 

Charcoal Gas, Sulphuretted Hydrogen, or Carbonic Acid Gas.— 
Use cold shower bath and give Aconite in drop doses, in a spoonful of 
water. The effects of Coal gas are best antidoted by copious draughts of 
vinegar and water. 

Oxalic Acid. —Give Magnesia in water as quickly as possible. When 
not to be h id, u^e chalk, liine orsaleratus. Use the stomach pump if at 
hand. Soap suds or alkalies are of no use with this Acid. 

Opium, Morphine and Laudanum.— Use the stomach pump, if possible; 
if not, a powerful emetic, as sulphate of zinc; or, give the mustard emetic ! 
and tickle the palate. If drowsiness comeson, take the patient into the ] 
open air; dash water into the face, by alt means keep him walking. If once ! 
allowed to fall asleep it may be impossible to arouse him. Strong coffee, j 
taken hot, antidotes after the stomach has been emptied. 

Prussic Acid. —This is the deadliest of all known poisons. One drop of 
the pure acid will cause instantaneous death. If any of its products be 
taken and the result is not immediately fatal, resort to the cold shower 
bath, inhalation of diluted aqua ammonia vapor and give solutiou of car¬ 
bonate of potass 20 grains to a glass of water, or ammonia diluted with six 
times the bulk of water, freely. 

Sugar op Lead, (Acetate of Lead).—Give a ground must .rd emetic; or 
20 g-uins sulphate of zinc in a glass of water; afterwards, large dose o 
epsom salts. 

Strychnine or Nux Vomica, are rapid and deadly poison.*. generally 
proving fatal, in spite of treatment. If emetics are given and the stomach 
emptied quick’y enough, and if the patient is n it attacked with convulsions ! 
wi hin two hours,he will generally be safe. An abundance of sweet milk is 
recommended, also strong coffee' as for opium poisoning. 

Strong Lye;.— Sometimes swallowed by children. The remedy is vine¬ 
gar. or oil, the former Ijy converting the lye. into acetate of potash, the hit¬ 
ter by forming soap; neither of which materially injures the etomach. 

Verdigris.— This most frequently poisons by its formation upon copper ■ 
us -d in cooking. Give au emetic instantly, and then two tea- | 
1 spoonful of Carbonate of Soda, in a tumbler full of water and repent in teu [j 
I minute*. * biles of eggs in water are also proiier. 





























102 OH AMBERS STREET. 


Corner Church Street, 


NEW YORK , 


— MANUFACTURERS OF — 








COPPER WEATHER VANES ANB BANNERETS. 



NEWEST AND MOST APP 
Wrought 
and 

Cast Iron 


Door and 
Window 

GUARDS.. 

Plain and Ornamental 

DRIVEWAY GATES. 
WIRE WORK 

Of every description for Banks, 
Offices, &c. 

LAMPS and LAMP POSTS- 


ROVED DESIGNS. 

Fountains. 

Aquaria, 
Fountain 

Jets. 

Garden 

Vases- 
Statuary- 

Chairs and 
Settees- 
Tables. 
Archways. 
Iron ABrass 
Bedsteads- 

Copper and 
Galvanized 
Iron Light¬ 
ning Rods- 


CAST IRON CRESTINGS, FINLVLS anil BANNERETS, 


FOR HOUSES, CHURCHES, TOWERS AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 


HAND AND HORSE LAWN MOWERS AND CARDEN ROLLERS. 


Galvanized Railing-s for Cemeteiy Enclosures. 
Emblematic Signs for Various Trades. 


Ktfffl, BRASS and NICKEL PLATED 

Stable Fittings, 

SUCH AS 

Guards, Mangers, 


Racks, Gutter, Posts ,wl 



Hooks. Tie Rings, 

Water Troughs, 
Wood C. vered 

Brackets, 
1 \\\\vvvJw'hip Racks, &c- &c. 


SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO ARCHITECTS DRAWINGS. 


Illustrated Catalogues furaished to Architects, Builders and the Trade. 


Office and Warerooms, 102 CHAMBERS ST., cor. Church, NewYoik. 

















HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES 


25 


. WEIGHTS AXD MEASURES. 

Avoirdupois Wcig'Iit. 

The Grain is the same in Troy, Apothecaries and Avoidupois Weights. 

The standard avoirdupois pound is the weight of 27.7015 cubic inches of distilled 
water weighed in the air at 35.85 degrees Fa hr., barometer at 30 inches. 

27.343 grains *» I drachm. 


drachms. ozs. lbs. qrs. cwt. 

1 — .0025 = .0039 =» 000139 — .000035 

16 ~ 1 = .0625 = .00223 = .000558 

256 = 16 =* 1 — .0357 =» .00893 

71t>8 =* 448 =» 28—1 ™ .25 

28672 = 1792 — 112 = 4 «* l 

673440 — 35840 — 2240 =80 =20 


ten. 

.00000174 

.1)00028 

.000447 

.0125 

.05 

1 


French 

grammes. 

1.77*846 

28.34954 

453.59 

12700 

50802 

1016040 


A stone =» 14 pounds. 


A quintal .100 pounds 


Troy Weight. 


For Gold, Silver and Precious Metals. 

French 

grains. dwts. ozs. lbs. grammes. 

1 = .04167 = .00208 = .0001736 — .9648 

24 = 1 = .U5 = .004167 -= 1.555 

480 — 20 = 1 — .0833 = 31.1036 

5760 = 240 = 12 —= 1 — 373.242 


175 lbs. Troy = 144 Avoirdupois. 

lbs. Avoirdupois X .82286 = lbs. Troy. 

lbs. Troy X 1.2153 = lbs. Avoirdupois. 


The jeweler's Carat is equal, in the United States, to 3.2 grains; in London, to 
8.17 gTaine; in Paris, to 3.1*. 

Pure Gold is worth $20.67 per oz. Troy, or $18.94 per oz. Avoirdupois. 

“ Silver “ $1.36 “ $1.24 “ 

Standard Gold “ $18.60 “ “ $16.96 “ “ 

“ Silver “ $1,225 “ “ $1,117 “ 

A potliecaries* Weight. 


United States and British. 


20 grains. 1 scruple. 

3 scruples.1 drachm = 60 grains. 

8 drams. 1 ounce = 24 scruples = 480 grains. 

12 ounces. 1 pound -- 96 drachms =» 28 i scruples — 6760 grs. 


In Troy and Apothecaries’ weights, the grain, ounce and pound are the samf, 




ins. 

1 


feet. 

.083 


Long iTlea»mre 

yards. fath. poles. 

.02778 — .0139 — .005 •=» 

• 

furl. 

.000126 =« 

mile. 

.0000158 

m 

French 

metres. 

.0254 

12 

3 

1 

wm 

.333 — .1667 — .0606 

s=s 

.00161 — 

.0001894 

r-* 

.3048 

36 

r=t 

3 


1 = 5 = .182 

a 

.00454 — 

.000568 

ct. 

.9144 

72 


6 

S3 

2 — 1 ■=» .364 


.0091 — 

.001136 

r=r 

1.8287 

198 

,=« 

16 % 

r* 

5X- 2*4 - 1 

=T3 

.025 — 

.003125 

«= 

6.0291 

7920 


660 


220 — 110 — 40 

M 

1 — 

.125 

TM 

201.16 

63360 


6280 

na 

1760 = 880 = 320 

:=* 

8 *** 

1 

T3 

1609.216 


A cable’s length — 120 fathoms. 

A square mile is 640 acres. j A hand (horse measure) is four inches. 

A league is three miles. | A palm is three inches. 

The term “.Sabbath Day’s Journey” | A span is K)J£ inches. 

means 1,166 yards. A cubit is two feet. 

A day’s journey is 33> 8 miles. j A great cubit is 11 feet. 

A fathom is six feet. I A pace is three teet. 


Surveying 1 .Pleasure (Lineal). French 


ins. 


links. 


feet. 

yards. 


chains. 


mile. 


metres. 

1 

era 

.126 

n 

.0X3 

= .0278 

=r* 

.00126 

«=» 

.0000158 


.0254 

7.92 

_. 

1 


.66 

= .22 


.01 

tnt 

.000125 

w 

.2012 

12 


1.515 

rx 

1 

— .333 

;=*e 

.01515 

« 

.000189 

'*=* 

.3048 

36 

rar 

4.545 


3 

— 1 

ra 

.04505 

r-=r 

.000668 


.9144 

792 

_ . 

100 

a* 

66 

— 22 

*=* 

1 

9 —X 

.0125 

*=e» 

20.116 

63360 

«=» 

8000 

r--t 

5280 

— 1760 


80 

ra 

1 

2=8 

1609.315 


1 knot or geographical mile =■ 6082.66 feet = 1854 metres « 1.152 statute mile. 


1 ream. 

1 bundle. 

1 bale. ■ 
250 sheets. i 


1 Admiralty knot 


12 units or articles, 
12 dozen 

20 units or articles, 
24 sheets paper. 


1.1515 statute miles = bO»o ieei. 

Table of (InantUics. 

1 dozen. 20 quires 
1 gross. 

1 score. 

1 quire. 


2 reams 
5 bundles 
Printer’s token. 




































GRAHAM & HAINES, 

«• !»«• 113 Cbanben & 95 Reade Streets, N. I. 

HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS’ AGENTS, 

AS FOLLOWS' 

Henry Disston A Sons, Saws, Files, Ac. 

Howard Bros., Cotton, Wool and Curry Cards. 

Derby & Ball, Scythe Snaths. 

Otsego Fork Mills, Steel Forks. Bakes, Hoes, Ac.] 

K. Knickerbacker, Scythes, Axes and Tools. 

Henry W. Kip, Nail Hammers. 

Iron City Tool Works (Limited), Vises, Picks, Mattocks, Grub 
Hoes, Ac. 

Detroit Block Works, Tackle Blocks. 

Phenix Caster Co., Martin’s Patent Caster. 

Nimick & Brittan Mfg. Co., Locks, Ac. 

Sandusky Tool Co., Planes and Plane Irons. 

Omo Tool Co., “ “ “ 

Auburn Tool Co. , “ “ “ 

Oeo. M. Eddy A Co., Measuring Tapes. 

Miles’ Alarm Money Drawer. 

Northwestern Horse Nail Co., Horse Nails. 

A. G. Coes A Co.. Coes’ Genuine Screw Wrenches. 

W. H. Howell, Geneva Hand Fluters. 

Sedgwick Mfg. Co., Butter and Flour Tryers, Ac. 

Scandinavian Padlocks. 

Best of all Egg-Beaters. 

Ripley Mfg. Co., Mouse Traps. 

Sam’l Loring, Plymouth Tack and Rivet Works. 

J. Bartles A Co., Sand and Emery Paper. 

Porter Mfg. Go., Window and Door Screen Corners. 

Payson Mfg. Co., Perfect Sash Lock. 

J. Mallinson, Cast Steel Shears and Scissors. 

Ketcham’s Patent Metallic Sieves. 

R. S. Clark, Hand and Sleigh Bells. 

P. Lowentraut, Compasses, Calipers, Dividers, Ac. 

Clark Bros. A Co., Carriage Bolts, Ac. 

Lowerre A Tucker, The Genuine Knox Fluting Machine. 

A. N. Bragg A Co., N. Y. A Ger. Snaps. 

Kentucky Bell Co., “Dodge’s” Kentucky Cow Bells. 

G. A H. Eureka Family Glue Pot and Furnace. 

jLane Bros., Swift’s and Grocers’ Coffee Mills and Measuring 
Faucets, Ac. 

T. C. Richards Hardware Co., Bright Wire£Goods. Picture 
Nails, Ac. 

Wm. Flaccus A Son, Bellows. 

•J. Halsh A Co., “S” Barb Steel Feuce Wire. 

Holmes A Edwards’ Plated Spoons and Forks. 

Wm. Wilkinson’s Anvils. 

New Haven Copper Co., Augers and Auger Bits. 

H. B. Ives. Ives’ Patent Door Bolts. 



HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 27 


WEIGHTS ANI) MEASURES-Continued. 

Square Measure. 


ins. 

feet. 

yards. perches. 

roods. 


acre. 


Square 

metres. 

1 — 

.00694 <=■• 

.000772 = .0000255 =» 

.00000064 

■=> 

.000000169 


.000645 

144 - 

1 

.111 -= .00367 = 

.0000918 

ax 

.000023 

«— 

.0929 

1296 — 

9 >= 

1 — .0331 = 

.000826 

K3 

.0002062 

K=g 

.8361 

392«4 «- 

27234 >= 

g 

i? 

1 ! 

«—* 

II 

.025 


.00625 

e. 

25.292 

1568160 •» 

10890 «= 

1210 = 40 = 

1 


.25 

sera 

10J1.7 

6272640 •» 

43665) 

4840 ■=■ 160 

4 

m 

1 


4046.7 


100 square feet 
1 chain wi<le 
10 square chains 
1 hectare 


1 square. 

8 acres per mile. 
1 acre. 

“ 2.471143 acres. 


1 square mile. 


\ =■= 27878400 sq. feet. 
) 


3007600 sq. yds. 

640 acres. 

Acres x .0015625 — square miles. 

Sq. yds. x .000000323 ■= sq. miles. 

A section of land is 1 mile square, and contains $40 acres 
A square acre is 208.71 feet at each side. 

“ X “ 147.58 “ 

H “ 104.355 “ 

A circular ** 235.504 feet in diameter. 




“ V' 

«« 

166.527 “ 

44 







" M 


117 753 “ 

44 





62 1-6 

feet 

square. 

or... 

» 7001 < 

• «•<••• »J% ! .JW 

square 

fee t 

is 

1-16 

acre. 

104V 

fwt 

square. 

or... 

.5,445 

square 

feet 

is 

V 

k 

acre. 

ieet 

square. 

or... 

.10.890 

square 

feet 

is 

acre. 

120 V 

feet 

square. 

or... 

.14,520 

square 

feet 

is 

H 

acre. 

H7V 

feet 

square, 

or... 

.21.780 

square 

feet 

18 


acre. 

208 V 

feet 

square, 

or... 


square 

feet 

is 

1 

acre 


Cubic lYleaaiirr 


1US. 

1 = 

172 - -= 
46656 


A cord of v\ood 
42 cubic feet -- 


1728 cubic inches. 

.037037 cubic yard. 

.8035(54 U. S. struck 
cubic inches. 

3.2143$ T T . K. pecks. 

7.48052 U. 8 . liquid calls, of 231 cub. inch. 
6.42851 U. S. dry gallons. 


cubic 

metres. 

.000016386. 
.028315 
764513 


feet. yard. 

.0005788 = .000002144 

1 *=» .03704 

27 = 1 

128 cubic feet, being 4 feet high, 4 feet wide, and 8 feet long, 
a ton of shipping. 

A Critic Foot is Equal to 

29.92208 IT. S. liquid 'quarts. 

25.71405 IT. S. dry quarts. 

59.844bi ( - S. liquid pints.. 

51.42809 l'. S. dry pints. 

239.37662 l . S. gills. 

.26667 Hour barrel of 3 struck bushels. 
.23748 U. S. liquid Imrrel of 31^ gallons. 


bushel of 2150.42 


Dry UeHNiire. 

The Standard Bushel contains 2150.42 cubic inches, or 77.627013 pounds avoirdu- 
pois of pure water at maximum density. It legal dimensions are 18inches Diam¬ 
eter inside, 19k- inches outside, and 8 inches deep; and when heaped, the cone must 
be 6 inches high, making a heaped bushel equal to 1 V struck ones. 

Pints. Quarts. Gallons. Peeks. Bushels. Cubic laches. 

2 1 “ .250 .125 ■= .0315 - 67.2 

8 — 4 - 1 =-- .5 .125 = 268.8 

16 8 »--- 2 1 =» 25 — 5517.6 

32 8 ~ 4 — 


*54 


1 


2150.42 


I,iqui<l IleiiMire. 

The standard gallon measures 2541 cubic inches, or 8.513888 lbs., a voirdupois of 
pure water, at about 5t9.8o degrees Fa hr., the barometer at- 30 inches. 

gills. 

4 

8 


pint. 


1 quart. 


32 - 8 ~ 

4 = 

1 

1544 336 >= 

168 — 

42 

2016 = 504 = 

252 - 

65t 

2-188 — 672 •=■ 

336 «=* 

84 

4032 ■*= 10u8 *=-* 

504 *=* 

126 

8064 «=• 2016 *** 

1008 

253 


gallon. 

*—• 1 tierce. 

1 1 — 1 hogshead. 


| 1 1 puncheoiu 

2 1 ‘j — 1 pipe. 

4 3 2 -- l ton. 


A cubic foot contains 7 V gallons. 


































k 



MANUFACTURERS OF 



AND AGENTS FOR 




FACTORY: 

CHESTER, Conn. 


OFFICE : 

96 Chambers Street, j 

NEW YORK. 



THE PATENT SOLID HEAD ADGER BIT 


The SOLID HEAD guarantees a PERFECTLY STRAIGHT hole. In 
cross grain lx>ring, knots, or the end of the timber, its superiority is seen. 



THE GRIFFiN HACK SAWS. 

ONE DOZ. BLADES WITH EACH FRAME. 


4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 16tks - 

List, per doz. . .$3.20 3.G0 4.00 4.60 5.00 5.40. 5.80 6.40 

12 13 14 15 16 16ths 

List, per doz... .$7.00 7.60 8.20 8.80 9.40 

Also, in sets assorted—18, 24 and 324 quarters. 

FOR SAWING BEARS, IRON, SB! 
ASH METALS OF Ml KD®. 


Frames Complete, with One Dozen Blades 


Inch. 

6 

r* 

i 

8 

9 

List, per Dozen. 

. $14.00 

15.00 

16.00 

17.00 

Extra 

Hack Saw 

Blades. 



Inch. 

6 

7 

8 

9 

List, per Gross • • • •. 

. $7.00 

7.50 

8.00 

8.50 


An .mprovement over all others in that it performs the same work with a j^reat saving 
of expense, time, and annoyance. As shown in the cut, the Blade is secured in place by 
two pins, and may be readily detached. The tension is regulated by a lever in tho open 
handle. The Blades are very highly tempered and require no filing. As the cost is far less 
than was formerly paid for filing alone, they may be thrown away when dull. Samples sent t 
for inspection of the Trade on receipt of price. S inch Frame, with extra Blades, $1.50 
each. Postage prepaid. 


w®" Illustrated Catalogues sent on application. 


























HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES.® 29 


* 1TJ 
h 


THE METRIC SYSTEM. 


\VI 

Metric Denominations and values. 


nciirrs. 

Equivalents in Denominations in use 




Weight of wliat quantity oi 

Avoirdupois 

Names, 

No. 

Grams. water at maximum density. 

Weight. 

Millier or touneau =* 

1,000,000 ^ 

1 cubic meter ... 

2204 6 

pounds 

Quintal 

ZXA. . 

100,000 - 

1 hectoliter 

2*20.46 

pounds 

M yriagram 

BE. 

10,000 - 

10 liters 

•2-2.046 

pounds 

Kilogram or kilo 

— 

1,000 - 

1 liter 

*2.2046 pounds 

Hectogram 

— 

100 *-* 

1 deciliter 

3.5274 

ounces. 

Dekagram 


10 - 

10 c. centimeter 

0 3527 

ounce. 

Gram 


1 - 

1 c. centimeter — 

15.432 

grains. 

Decigram 

ac. 

.1 - 

.1 c. centimeter — 

l 5432 

grains. 

Centigram 

— 

.01 - 

10 c, millimeter — 

0.1543 

grain. 

Milligram 


.001 - 

l c. millimeter — 

0.0154 

grain. 


ME-ISURES OF LENGTH. 



Metric Denominations and Values. 

Equivalents in Denominations in use. 

Myriameter — 

10,000 

meters *= 

6.2137 miles. 



Kilometer 

1,000 

meters -- 

0.62137 in. or 3,280 feet 10 

inches. 

Hectometer =* 

100 

meters — 

328 feet and 1 inch. 



Dekameter — 

10 

meters -- 

393.7 inches. 



Meter — 

1 

meter — 

39.37 inches. 



Decimeter 

.1 of a meter — 

3.937 inches. 



Centimeter — 

.01 of a meter 

0.39*. 7 inch. 



Millimeter 

.001 of a meter 

(.’i.yf inch. 




MEASURES OF SURFACE. 


Metric Denominations and Values. 


Hectare ~- 

Are “ 

Centare «• 


10.00U square meters 
100 square meters 
1 square meter 


Metric Denominations and Valnes. 

Names. No. Liters. Cubic Measure. 
Kiloliter => 1,000 
100 


2VH2ASOTKES OF CAPACITY. 

Equivalents in Denominations in use 


Hectoliter- 
Dacallter — 
Liter -- 
Deciliter — 
Centiliter — 
Milliliter - 


1 cubic meter -- 
.1 cubit meter — 
10 — 10 c. decimeters— 
1 1 c. decimeter =« 

.1 — .1 c. decimeter — 
,01 — lOc.centimeters— 
001 — 1 c. centimeter=- 


Dry Measure. 
1.308 cubic yards 
‘2 bush. 3.35 pks. 
9.08 quart' 

0.90S quart 
6.1022 cubic inch. 


Wine Measure. 

- 264.lt gallons. 

- 26.417 gul'ons. 
= 2.6417 gallons. 

- 1.0567 quarts 
0 845 gill. 


0.6102 cubic inch.-- 0.338 fluid on. 
0.061 cubic inches— 0.27 Ou t’ dr. 


Equivalents in Denomination in use. 
= 2.471 acres. 

— 119.6 Bq uare yards. 

— 1.550 square inches. 































WILEY & RUSSELL MF’G COMPA 

GREENFIELD, Mass. 

Patent Screw-Catting and other Labor-Saving Tools. 




GREEN ErVl 

*> 

DRILLING 

MACHINES 


PUNCHE 
PRESSES. 


TIRE? 

UPSETT] 


TIRE BEND] 


HORSE SHO 
VISES. 


tBOLT CUTTERS 

FOB 

HAND & POWER 
USE 

I* Gbkat Vabiety. 


CELKBRATKD 
LIGHTNING 
SCREW PLATE. 

cnrrriNo 
FbOM W IBB SlZKK 

To 1J in. Diam. 


TAPS and DIES 

OF 

FINEST QUALITY. 



TIRE 

MEASURING 

WHE 

Ac., %fcc. 


REAMERS, 

COUNTERSINKS, 




























• L*H OPKINS’I HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 31 


Brokers’ Technicalities. 

A Bull is one who operates to depress the value of stocks, that j 
he may buy for a rise. 

A Bear is one who sells stocks for future delivery, which lie 
does not own at the time of sale. 

A Corner is when the Bears cannot buy or borrow the stock to 
deliver in fulfillm,/ 1 of their contracts. 

Overloaded is when the bulls cannot take and pay for the 
stock they have rrchased. 

Short is when a person or party sells stock when they have 
none, and expect to buy or borrow in time to deliver. 

Long is -when a person or party has a plentiful supply of 
stocks. 

A Pool or Ring is a combination formed to control the price 
of stocks. 

A broker is said to Carry stocks for his customer when he has 
bought and is holding it for his account. 

A Wash is a pretended sale by special agreement between 
) buyer and seller, for the purpose of .getting a quotation re¬ 
ported. 

A Put and Call is when a person gives so much per cent, for 
the option of buying or selling so much stock on a certain fixed 
day, at a price fixed the day the option is given. 


Railway Signals. 

One pull of bell-cord signifies “stop.” 

Two pulls means “go ahead.” 

Three pulls means “back up.” 

One w’histle signifies “down-brakes.” 

: Two whistles signifies “off-brakes.” 

Three whistles means “back up.” 

Continued whistles indicate “danger.” 

Short rapid whistles, “a cattle alarm.” 

A sweeping pai’ting of the hands on a level with the eyes 
means “go ahead.” 

A ..lowly sweeping meeting of the hands over the head signi¬ 
fies “back slowly.” 

A downward motion of the hands, with extended arms, signi¬ 
fies “stop.” 

A beckoning motion with one hand indicates “back.” 

A red flag waved up the track indicates “danger.” 

A red flag by the roadside means “danger ahead.” 

A red flag carried on a locomotive signifies “an engine follow- 

* >9 

mg.” 

A red flag raised at a station means “stop.” 

A lantern swung at right angles across tho track means 

“stop.” ... „ 

A lantern raised and lowered vertically is a signal to ‘‘start. 

A lantern swung in a circle signifits “back the train.” 































Hardware 


£hJ 



We? ^ 

wM$gig 


Manufacturers and Importers of 


r ^4y ^ Q o' 




Ta^69 






r &&&■■$£ 


J 


m 


d 



liJUI 

Nos, 84 and 86 

Ciaita Street, 

New York. 


co <j ,■$* <<y eg 

itfpr 

^ J> 0 * 


A/ g ,Q * ^ 
Co cy ^ y o 

O 

mMh 



I 


—• —-1? 


WllB: 


YHdL ki* 


s 


FOK 


NEW AMERICAN 


T 

i 


FILE CO 


MANUFACTURERS OF 


Files and Rasps. 


of every description. 


‘ 



t Perfect File ever Mud. 



























BEG VLAS STANDARD SIZES OF FILES 

WIDTH, AND THICKNESS BY WIRE GAUGE. 


HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 33 

























































































































RICHARDSON’S CELEBRATED SAWS 

Are Dneqoalled for (Jaalitj, Temper and f/orkmanship. Taper Ground, Thin at Back, and Perfectlj Trnc. 
























































































HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 35 


Standard Sizes of Circular Saw Mandrels. 


No. 

Diameter 

of Pulley. 

Face of 

Pulley. 

Diameter 

of Flange. 

Length of 

Shaft. 

Diameter 

of Shaft. 

Size of 

Hole 

in Saw. 

1 

n 

ins. 

3* 

ins. 

H 

ins. 

14 

ins. 

1 

1-16 in 

1 in. 

2 

3 

ii 

4 

<< 

3 

<< 

16 

a 

1 

3-16 “ 

H 

3 

3 h 

H 

H 

a 

3* 

«< 

18 

a 

1 

5-16 “ 

H “ 

4 

4 

i i 

5 

«< 

4 

u 

20 

ii 

1 

7-16 “ 

1 5-16 “ 

5 


Li 

H 

<< 

4* 

a 

22 

ii 

1 

7-16 “ 

1 5-16 “ 

6 

5 

a 

6 

a 

5 

a 

24 

ii 

1 

7-16 “ 

n 

7 

5 k 

u 


a 


ii 

26 

a 

1 

7-16 “ 

if “ 

8 

6 

ii 

7 

ii 

6 

a 

28 

ii 

1 

9-16 “ 

i? “ 

9 

7 

i i 

8 

a 

6 

a 

32 

ii 

1 

11-16“ 

xi 

10 

8 

ii 

8 

n 

6 

a 

36 

ii 

1 

13-16“ 

h 


When Ordering Circular Saws, 

The following directions should be explicitly given : 

Diameter of Saw in inches. 

Thickness (or Gauge) of Saw at Kim. 

Thickness (or Gauge) of Saw at Centre. 

Log side, right or left hand, saw cutting towarda you. 
Number of Teeth in Saw. 

Kind and number of Tooth. 

Size of mandrel hole. 

Size of pin hole. 

Distance between pin holes from centre to centre. 


Standard Gauges for Circular and Mill Saws. 


Gauge. 
No. 4 — 


inch, 

<< 

scant. 

Gauge. 
No. 11.... 

•• i 

.. 3-32 

inch, 

scant. 

“ 5.... 



“ 12. 

<( 

full. 

“ 6. 

.. 3-16 


full. 

“ 13. 

.. 3-32 

L i 

scant. 

“ 7. 

.. 3-16 

ii 

scant. 

“ 14. 

.. 5-64 

ii 

full. 

“ 8. 

.. 5-32 

ii 


“ 15.... 

... 5-64 

ii 

scant. 

“ 9. 

.. 5-32 

ii 

scant. 

“ 16. 

.. 1-16 

ii 

full. 

“ 10. 

» 1 

ii 

full. 




V 















































mhm ^ ^ 




CLEVELAND, OHIO. 


MANF FACTURERS OF 


IRON & STEEL WIRE, 


OF ALL KINDS. 


STEEL SPRING, P>IL BAIL>ND MARKET WIRE, 


WIRE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FINS, 
HAIR FINS AND CARD CLOTHING. 


Gun Screw Wire, Machinery Wire,' 


Steel Carriage Tire and Forgings. 



IRON AND STEEL, 


BOILER PLATES, 

GIRDER and BRIDGE BUIES, 

NEW YORKACENTS: 

DICKERSON, VAN ETJSEN <& CO. 

NEW ENGLAND ACENTS: 

John Wales S' Co., Boston, Mass. 









HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 37 



Weight, Length and Strength of Iron Wire. 


BIRMINGHAM WIRE GAUGE. 


Wire Guage. 

Diameter. 

Weight of 

100 Yards. 

Weight of 

1 mile. 

i 

1 

Length of 

1 Bundle. 

1 

(Direct Strain. 

Length ol 

1 Cwt. 

Area of 

Section. 

bn , 

*8 ^ 
bn 

$ s 

t —i 

No. 

Inches. 

Lbs. 

j Lbs. 

Yards. 

Yards. 

Sq. in. 

1 Lbs. 

5-0 

0 546 

1G1 00 

2830 

39 

70 

0 163 

13070 

4-0 

0 425 

140 00 

2460 

45 

80 

0 142 

11350 

3-0 

0 394 

120 00 

2113 

52 

93 

0 122 

9755 

2-0 

0 363 

102 00 

1794 

62 

110 

0 103 

8280 

0 

0 331 

84 72 

1490 

74 

132 

j 0 086 

6880 

1 

0 300 

G8 75 

1210 

91 

163 

0 071 

5650 

2 

0 280 

59 90 

1054 

105 

187 

0 062 

4930 

3 

0 260 

51 65 

909 

121 

215 

0 053 

4250 

4 

0 240 

44 00 

775 

143 

255 

0 045 

3620 

5 

0 220 

37 00 

651 

170 

303 

0 038 

8040 

6 

0 200 

30 56 

538 

203 

361 

0 031 

2510 

7 

0 185 

2G 15 

461 

239 

428 

0 0265 

2220 

8 

0 170 

22 10 

389 

286 

509 

0 023 

1840 

9 

0 155 

18 3G 

323 

342 

609 

0 0195 

1560 

10 

0 140 

14 97 

264 

420 

717 j 

0 016 

1280 

11 

0 125 

11 95 

211 

529 

939 

0 0125 

1000 

12 

0 110 

9 24 

163 

700 

1241 

0 010 

800 

13 

0 095 

7 05 

124 

893 

1589 

0 0071 

568 

14 

0 085 

5 51 

97 

1142 

2031 

0 0057 

456 

15 

0 075 

4 29 

76 

1468 

2608 

0 0044 

352 

16 

0 065 

3 22 

57 

1954 

3473 

0 0033 

264 

17 

0 057 

2 48 

44 

2540 

4515 

0 0026 

208 

18 

0 050 

1 91 

34 

3150 

5600 

0 0020 

160 

19 

0 045 

1 55 

27 

4085 

7246 

0 0016 

128 

20 

0 040 

1 22 

21 

4912 

9168 

0 0013 

104 

21 

0 035 

0 94 

17 

6416 

11980 

0 0010 

80 

22 

0 030 

0 69 

12 

8736 

16300 

0 0007 

56 


Sizes Expressed in Fractions of an Inch. 


15-32 in. —No. 5-0 full 
7-16 in.—No. 4-0 full 
13-32 in.—No. 3-0 full 
3-8 in.—No. 2-0 full 
11-32 in.—No. 0 full 


r >-16 in.—No. 1 full. 
0-32 in.—No. 2 
1-4 in.—No. 31 
7-32 in.—No. 5 
3-16 in.—No. 7 
5-32 in.—No. 9 


1-8 in —No. 11 
1-10 in —No. 13 full 
1-12 in—No. 14 
1-16 in.—No. 16 
1-32 in.—No. 22 




i 











































































THE STANLEY WORKS,. 



MANUFACTURERS 


Wrought Iron 


FACTORIES: 

New Britain, Connecticut. [ 

WAREHOUSE, 

79 Chambers St., 

NEW YORK. 


—OF— 


1 




n 


HINGES and DOOR BOLTS. 


Goods furnished Plain, Galvanized. Jagannei, Bronzed and Nickel Plate 














































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 39 


APPROXIMATE WEIGHTS OF STRAP AM) T HINGES. 

Weight per dozen. Furnished by Stanley Works. 

HEAVY STRAP HINGES. 


Size.... 


I 


| 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 


10 


ins. 


EXTRA HEAVY T HINGES. 


Size. 


I 8 | 10 | 12 | 


Weight 


| 20} 4 | 34 * | 64 | IS | 


STRAP AND T HINGES ARE COUNTERSUNK FOR SCREWS. 


Inches . 

.1 

3 

4 

1 6 

1 0 

1 8 

1 io 

12 

14 | 

16 | 18 

Light Strap.... 


6 

7 

1 8 

1 9 

1 io 

1 io 

1 12 

13 | 

13 | 

Heavy Strap... 

1 


9 

1 9 

1 11 

1 12 

1 14 

16 

16 | 

16 | 

Light T. 

| 


7 

1 8 

1 8 

1 9 

! io 111 

12 I 

1 

Heavy T. 

| 



1 

1 9 

1 io 

|H 

12 

13 I 

13 | 13 

Extra Heavy T 

| 



1 io 

1 11 

1 13 

| 14 | 16 

16 | 

16 | 

Hinge Hasps.. 

| 


7 

1 

1 9 

1 io 

1 io 

12 | 

1 

1 


NARROW WROUGHT BUTTS. 


Inch 


Screws. 


| X| 1 | IX | 1)6 I 154 | 2 | 

2 I 3 


|2|3|3|6|6|6|ti|6|7 


LOOSE PIN OR BROAD. 


Size. 

2x2 

to 

2X*2 

2Xx2* 

to 

3x3 

3x3 X 

3^x3 

to 

4Xx4 

4Xx4X 

to 

5X 

6x6 to 6x7 

Screws. 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 


CAST BUTTS 

▲BE COUNTERSUNK FOR SCREWS AS FOLLOWS : 
NARROW. FAST OR LOOSE JOINT. 


Inch...T1X | IX I 2 | 2* | 2X | 3 | 3* | 3* i 4 | 4* | 6 | 6 

Screws.| 6 | ~7 | 7 | 8 | 8 [ 8 | 10 | 10 [ 10 | 12 | 14 | 18 

PARLIAMENT. 

Inch.I 2Xto3X i 3Xand4 | 4X to 7X | »and 


Screw 


8 


10 


11 


13 


BROAD, FAST, AND LOOSE JOINT AND LOOSE PIN. 


Inch. 


Screw. 


2x2 to 2Xx3 | 3z2&to3Xx3X | 3X*4 


Weight. | 6X | 10>g 1 19X I 32^ | 55^ | 74,*, | 89^ | lOBXJlbs. 


14 | 16 | ins. 
~S3& | 87 X | lbs. 


WROUGHT BUTTS—Countersunk for Screws. 

TABLE BUTTS AND BACK FLAPS. 

Inches.| % | 1 | IX IIX 11% IIX IIX I TX~| l~2 

Size Screw.| 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 \ 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 


Inches.. | 1 \l% \1H I IX I 2 | 2X 1 2^ | 2X 1 3 | 3% I 3X | 3% | 4 | 4X I 6 I &X I 6 

Screws.. |6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 1 9 | 101 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 1 141 14 | 14 | 14 

LIGHT NARROW AND LIGHT LOOSE PIN. 


2X; I 2* I 3 

7 


10 


I 11 


Inch.| i%x5 | 4x3 

Screw.| 10 | 10 


| 4x8Xto4Xc4X | 4X±5 and ppwards 

I 11 I 13 


l 































































































ARROLLTQN, MlCH 


Mich. Breckenridge.Mich 


N°. s 34 35 South Street 













































































































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 41 


TABLE 

SHOWING AVERAGE WEIGHT PER FATHOM, ADMIRALTY TEST, AND 
SIZES OF CHAINS REQUIRED FOR VESSELS, ACCORDING TO THEIR 
REGISTERED TONNAGE. FOR LOW DECK VESSELS ADD ONE FIFTH 
TO THE TONNAGE. 



% inch and smaller chains are made of full size iron; all other sizes exact. 
Tested to the English Admiralty Standard. 


German Coil Chain. 


Number 


1000 1 00 | 0 | 1 I_1 


_ 0 

Weight in lbs. of 100 feet... | 37 | 30^ | 24 | 19 j 14 3 4 I I I 7 ! 
Breaking Strength.| MS | 680 | 520 | 48S | S60 | 322 I | | 


Wire Gauge. I »l~ « I T 1.8.1 1 ' l» |H I™ .HI 






































































































fips 

« w p.? 


gSoS 

0 2 t*» 

« §*; 2 
£ as * 

„« b® f*» 

ffr** 

'O > >.S 


o 

^S bfli?i4 
0 ® o 

j o, 2 

^ a°5 a 

o~ M§ 
0 ® 3 9 
0> oo*£*2 

jE-§” 

“I s ! 

SH 1 . 

®-3°i> 

o g 

alif'8 

“§§1 

as bfi-a q 

«n+>S 

n Tj bo 

45 a 0-0 

«,?SJ3 


a 

Ui 

H 


-I 

O 

CO 


CO 

a 

Ui 

Q 

a 


fe|5i 
a a ..a A 

s £.sl g o 

a o2|W 

I ® m'P Ui 


„ .“i'S 

rt^sj S J 


VP ^ — 

Oft »M 

« 3 ** Z a n 

43 P^i at V u - 
■m S Osh q _ 

oiq°3 S 

q^< 
q „, -S • S ^ 

<D — ^ 2 /it 

ssg.fS®’ 

ss *l= 

■oS 5) 

P &U4X « 

OS rS’ 5 ’^ 
q> +-* 2 .Ij 
o> E — 3 n 

,0 to ^ .JH O 

w-o £5 a 
«i S*g3* 

>>gT3 ® 

Sf§S 

«l« te • 

* H-> 0 0 

as s « 

o 


< 

«G _ O— 1 ^ 
43 ®-3 
mV =3 . 

£ 

K 

Are mad 
edge whi 
adjusted, 
embrace 
imported, 







































































































Hopkins* handy notes and queries. 43 


Approximate Weight and Strength ot* Cordage. 


® 

o 

“in 


o 


w 

ri rd 

rl u 


(I thd. 
9 “ 


u 

-2 erf 

<D 0) 

a 

s ° 


Weight of 

100 F&t’ms, 

or 600 ft. 

in lbs. 

Weight of 

100 Fat’ms, 

Hawser Laid 

in lbs. 

We : ght of 

100 Fat’ms, 

Tarr d, in 

lbs. 

o $ 

C £ 

djcq ~ 
a , - 

f £.3 
h ® 
cc £ 

No. of 

Fe< t 

in 1 lb. 

14 

12 

17 

450 

43. 

20 

17 

24 

750 

33. 

28 

23 

34 

900 

21. 

34 

28 

41 

1250 

17. 

45 

38 

56 

1700 

13. 

61 

51 

76 

2250 

10. 

80 

67 

100 

3000 

7.6 in. 

101 

84 

126 

3900 

6. 

125 

104 

156 

4700 

5. 

151 

126 

189 

5600 

4. 

180 

150 

225 

6750 

3.4 in. 

211 

176 

264 

7850. 

2.9 “ 

245 

203 

306 

9150 

2.4 “ 

281 

234 

351 

10600 

2.1 

325 

271 

400 

.11950 

1.10“ 

361 

300 

451 

13450 

1.7 “ 

405 

338 

506 

15150 

1.5 “ 

451 

376 

564 

16700 

1.4 “ 

500 

417 

625 

18700 

1.2 “ 

605 

504 

756 

22600 

1. 

720 

600 

900 

26900 

.10 in 

845 

704 

1056 

31500 


980 

817 

1225 

36600 

.7|“ 

1125 

938 

1406 

42000 

.«* “ 

1280 

1067 

1600 

47800 

.5} “ 

1445 

1204 

1806 

54000 

.5 “ 

1620 

1350 

2025 

60500 

.4*“ 

1805 

1504 

2256 

67300 

.4 “ 

2000 

1667 

2500 

74000 

.3£“ 


The relative Strength of Manila to Sisal is about as 7 is to 5. 

To Obtain the Weight of Grindstones. 

Bulb : Square the diameter (in inches), multiply by thickness 
(in inches), then multiply by decimal . 063G3. 

Example: Find the weight of a stone 4 feet 6 inches diameter 
and 7 inches thick. 

\4 ft. 6 in. =54 inches; square of 54=2916; multiplied by 7 
=20412; multiplied by .0G363=Hns., 1928.815 lbs., which is 

weight of stone. 















































CLINCH NAILS. 


Boiler and Bridge Rivets. 

BOILER BRACE JAWS. 


SQUARE ATT£> XSSUXAGOXT 

N U T S . 

"W"tfe Bolts. 


-——. - ——~ 

FULLER BROTHERS & C0-, 


139 Greenwich Street, 





NEW YORK. 






45 


HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 



Schedule of Extras on Cut Nails. 


u 

a 

44 

u 

a 


44 


4* 

44 


44 

t4 

44 

44 

44 

i4 


l n d to 60d Common...at Standard or Lowest Price 

Sd and 9d “ . v5 per keg above lOd 

6d and 7d “ 50 

4d and 5d “ 75 

3d “ 1.50 

3d Fine, ‘2d and Roofing. ‘a‘25 

2d Fine.4.00 

Cut Spikes, all sizes..25 “ 

Fencing and Sheathing.Same price as same size Common Nails. 

Coopers’, Slating) 3,1 4d&5d Cd Sd 10,1 * Mi(1 lai '^ r - 
and Tobacco.. 1 2 o0 

' !•» 1.00 .75 « 

Finishing. 1 75 1.50 1.25 1.00 “ 

Trunk. 1.75 


1 25 1.00 .75 .50 per keg above lOd common 


Clinch. 


2 & 2X in. 2X & 2)4 3 in. & longer. 


2.00 1.75 

*• in hall kegs.. 2 50 2.25 


1.50 per keg above lOd common 
2.00 per 100 lbs. “ “ “ 


Number of Nails and Tacks in a Pound. 


Nails. 

Tacks. 

Title. 

Length. 

No. in a lb. 

Title. 

Length. 

No. per lb. 

3 penny fine 

1 y a inch 

760 

nails 

1 

ouuce 

3 16 inch 

16.000 

3 

44 

common 

IX 

44 

480 

44 

1X 

44 

7 32 

44 

10,666 

4 

44 

44 

IX 

«4 

300 

44 

2 

4 4 

X 

44 

8,000 

5 

44 

44 

m 

44 

200 

<4 

2 X 

44 

5-16 

44 

6,400 

6 

44 

44 

2 

44 

160 

44 

3 

44 

% 

44 

5,332 

7 

44 

44 

2X 

44 

128 

44 

4 

44 

7-16 

<4 

4,000 

8 

44 

44 

2 X 

44 

93 

44 

6 

44 

8-16 

44 

2,666 

9 

44 

4' 

2% 

44 

72 

44 

8 

44 

9 16 

44 

2,000 

10 

44 

44 

3 

44 

CO 

44 

10 

44 

10-16 

44 

1,600 

12 

44 

44 

3X 

44 

44 

4k 

12 

44 

11-16 

44 

1,332 

16 

4« 

4 

3X 

44 

82 

44 

14 

44 

12-16 

44 

1,143 

20 

44 

44 

4 

44 

24 

«4 

16 

44 

13-16 

44 

1,000 

30 

44 

44 

4>* 

44 

18 

44 

IS 

44 

14-16 

44 

888 

40 

44 

4. 

5 

44 

14 

44 

20 

4. 

15-16 

44 

800 

60 

44 

<4 

5^ 

44 

12 

44 

22 

44 

1 

44 

727 

60 

44 

44 

6 

44 

10 

44 

24 

44 

IX 

44 

CC6 

6 


fence 

2 

44 

80 

44 






8 

44 

44 

2X 

44 

50 

44 






10 

44 

44 

3 

44 

34 

44 






12 

44 

44 

3X 

44 

29 

44 

• 






No. of Cut Spikes in Keg of 100 Pounds. 


3 inch.... 

..2,900 

5 inch.... 

... 950 

OX inches.... 

... 575 

3^ “ ... 

..2,100 

5 X “ ••• 

.... 850 

7 “ 

... 450 

4 c * .... 


6 “ ... 

.. 775 

S “ . 

... 375 

4X “ • • 

..1,150 












i 









































































W. & J. TIEBOUT, 

— MANUFACTURERS OF — 

HARDWARE, 

For SHIP and HOUSE BUILDING. 


& 



USTo *„ tO & 18 

2sTEW YORK, 

Manufacture and keep in stock a great variety of 



Galvanized Iron Hardware, 



Sblp <3 Ipt. a a di x o, * y SEar«twai?a. 











































































































































Thickness 


HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 47 


Weight, of Tire Iron, 


PER 8ET OF 54 FEET. 


Size. 

Lbs. 

Size. 

Lbs. 

1 

Size. 

Lbs. 

1 

by 3-16 

34 

1 1-4 by 1-4 

56 

1 1 

2 by 5-8 

169 

1 

by 1-4 

45 

1 1-4 by 5-16 

70 

1 5 

8 by 1-2 

148 

1 

by 5-16 

56 

1 1-4 by 3-8 

85 

1 5 

8 by 5-8 

T3 

1 

by 3-8 

68 

1 1-4 by 7-16 

90 

1 3 

4 by 1-2 

148 

1 

1 8 by 1-4 

50 

1 1-4 by 1-2 

113 

1 3- 

-4 by 5 8 

197 

1 

18 by 5-16 

63 

1 3-8 by 3-8 

93 

1 3 

4 by 3-4 

136 

1 

1 8 by 3 8 

75 

1 3-8 i y 1-2 

124 

2 

by 1 2 

180 

1 

1-8 by 7-16 

88 

1 1-2 by 3-8 

101 

2 

by 5-8 

125 

1 

1-8 by 1-2 

101 

1 1-2 by 1-2 

135 

2 

by 3-4 

170 


Railroad Spikes. 

NUMBER IN 100 POUNDS. 


1-4 

5-16 

3-8 

7-16 

1-2 

5-8 


Length. 


3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

12 

14 

1340 

1060 

870 

680 








620 

580 

540 









460 

380 

320 

290 

250 



! 



320 

280 

240 

220 

200 



1 



260 

210 

180 

170 

140 

130 

110 




170 

130 



100 

90 

80 

70 


Wrought Boat and Ship Spikes. 

NUMBER IN A KEG OF 150 POUNDS. 


an 

OQ 

0) 

Length. 

H 

3 

CO 

4 

4* 

5 


6 

64 

7 

n 

8 

84 

9 

94 

10 

_ 

1-4 

1910 

1585 

1326 

1223 

1025 











5-16 

1010 

963 

810 

605 

583 


521 









7-16 



542 

503 

461 

423 

402 

321 








1-2 





340 

312 

298 

280 

261 

240 

223 





9-16 







221 

200 

190 

180 

170 

160 

150 

140 

130 

5-8 











140 

130 

120 

110100 

























































































BROWNING, SISUM & CO., 

No. 85 CHAMBERS ST., N. Y., 

MANUFACTURE 

SpeoiaJiies, 

COTTERS SPRING KEYS, 

- AND — n 

MANUFACTURERS’ SUPPLIES. 


No.30 


D Rings, a 


L Belt Hooks, 


FACTORY: 


BROOKLYN, 


STAPLES, Ac. 


IN FACT EVERYTHING 
APPERTAINING 
TO 


N. Y. 



OUR GOODS ARE MADE OF THE REST STOCK ONLY, 

properly Tempered and Fully Warranted, 





































HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 49 


Spring Cotters and Keys and their Applications. 

SPRING COTTERS. 


No. 

30 

31 

32 

33 

34 

35 

30 

37 

30 

30 

Wire Gauge.. 

For Hole. 

For Nuts. 

13 

13 

11 

11 

7 

7 

4 

4 

1 

1 

A 

A 

i 

i 

8 

h 

A 

i 

i 

4 

h. 

1 6 

h 

h 


il 

4 

£ 

l 

i 

1 

H 

i H 

H 


SPRING KEYS. 


No. 

000 

00 

0 

1 


2 

3 

4 

Wiro Gauge. 

12 

12 

12 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

For Hole. 

7 

32 

7 

3 2 

7 

32 

1 

4 

1 

4 

A 

3 9 2 

9 

3 2 

For Bolts. 

* 

3 

T< 

$ 

£ 

t 

* 

1 


Machine Bolts with Square Heads and Nuts. 

Weight op 100, in Pounds. 


Length. 

Inches. 


Thickness of Bolt in Inches. 



H 

5-1G 

% 

7-16 

Vi 

% 

% 

% 


4.16 

7.59 

10 62 

15.94 

23.87 

39.31 

• • • • 

• * • • • 

34 

2 

4 22 
4.75 

7.87 

8.55 

11.72 

12.88 

16.90 
18 25 

25 06 
23.44 

41 38 
45.69 

73.62 



5.34 

9 12 

12 90 

19.38 

28.62 

49.50 

76. 



5.97 

9.59 

14.69 

20.69 

29.50 

51.25 

79.75 



G.50 

10 44 

16.47 

21.50 

31 .16 

53. 

83 


8 


10.78 

17.87 

22.88 

32.44 

56. 

85.38 

127.25 

% 

4 


11.81 

18.94 

26.19 

39.75 

63.12 

93.44 

140.56 



20.69 

28 87 

42.50 

74.87 

108.12 

14S 37 

X 

5 



21.69 

29 87 

44.87 

79.62 

113.12 

158.76 



23.62 

31.31 

48.81 

■83. 

122. 

16.55 

% 

G 



25 81 

34 44 

51.3S 

87 88 

128.62 

174.88 



26.87 

36.62 

53.31 

92.38 

131.75 

204 25 

T* 





56 87 

96.88 

139.56 

214.69 





59 12 

99.87 

145 50 

228.44 

X 

8 





61.87 

105 75 

150.88 

235.3t 





64.44 

1C9 50 

157.12 

248.88 

9 





70.50 

118.12 

169.92 

258.12 

10 





77. 

128.13 

184. 

276.18 

11 





82.8S 

136.19 

193 13 

295.(9 

12 





86.37 

144.87 

209.75 

311.94 

13 





92. 

155.F2 

219.37 

135.61 

14 




• • • • 

97 75 

163.68 

337.60 

351.88 

15 

» • • • 

• • • • 


• • • t 

103.25 

170.75 

349.05 

391.16 
















































































































































-THE- 

Union Nut Company, 

99 Chambers Street, 

A. S. UPSON, Pres’t. kl[U| V H R T. SMITH, Ass’t Seo. 

S. PEISBIE, Sec. & Treas. “til lUPill, j,L, VAEICK,Ass’t Treas. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 


NUTS AND WASHERS, 

CARRIAGE, TIRE, PLOW, STOVE, AGRICULTURAL & MACHINE 



BOLTS, 

Bolt Ends, Turn Buckles, Lag and Skein Screws, 

dat^ikefe Shfdwhfe, 


Rules, Plumbs and Levels, Try Squares and T Bevels, 


MANUFACTORIES, 

UNION VILLE,Conn., & CLEVELAND, Ohio. 


AGENTS FOR 


The Upson Nut Co- 
Cleveland Nut Co. 

Hotchkiss & Upson Co- 


Standard Rule Co- 

Athol Machine Co. 

Bailey Wringing Machine Co. 


Mecch & Hart Co. 


A. C. HOOKS, Traveling Salesman. 
















HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 51 


TABLE 

SHOWING THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF COLD PRESSED NUTS IN A KEG, 
150 LBS EACH, SQUARE AND HEXAGON, OF STANDARD SIZES, 


As adopted by “ The Association of Bolt and Nut Manufacturers of the TJ. S.” 


Width. 

Thickness 

Hole. 

Bolt. 

No. of 
Square. 

| No. of 
Hexagon. 

11-32 

5-32 

3-32 

1-8 

45,000 


13-32 

3-16 

5-32 

3-16 

22,500 


1-2 

1-4 

7-32 

1-4 

10.000 

10,500 

5-8 

5-16 

9-32 

5-16 

5,106 

6,666 

3-4 

3-8 

11-32 

3-8 

2,727 

4,528 

7-8 

7-16 

13-32 

7-16 

1,904 

2,057 

7-8 

1-2 

7-16 

1-2 

1,695 

1,890 

1 

1-2 

7-16 

1-2 

1,218 

1,538 

1 1-8 

1-2 

1-2 

4-16 

1,016 

1,245 

1 1-8 

5-8 

9-16 

5-8 

885 

957 

1 1-4 

5-8 

9-16 

5-8 

638 

740 

1 3-8 

3-4 

21-32 

3-4 

450 

555 

1 1-2 

3-4 

21-32 

3-4 

368 

430 

1 5-8 

7-8 

25-32 

7-8 

260 

270 

1 3-4 

7-8 

25-32 

7-8 

243 

252 

1 3-4 

1 

7-8 

1 

249 

257 

2 

1 

7-8 

1 

163 

204 

2 

1 1-8 

15-16 

1 1-8 

143 

168 

2 1-4 

1 1-8 

15-16 

1 1-8 

109 

150 

2 1-4 

1 3-8 

1 1-16 

1 3-8 

85 

120 

2 1-2 

1 1-4 

1 1-16 

1 1-4 

81 

93 

2 3-4 

1 3-8 

1 3-16 

1 3-8 

55 

60 

3 

1 1-2 

1 5-16 

1 1-2 

51 

56 

3 1-4 

1 5-8 

1 7-16 

1 5-8 

39 

44 

3 1-2 

1 3-4 

1 9-16 

1 3-4 

32 

35 

3 3-4 

1 7-8 

l 11-16 

1 7-8 

28 

30 

4 

2 

1 13-16 

2 

20 

22 


List of Threads for Bolts and Nuts. 



Right Hand Threads. 


Left Hand 

Threads. 

Size. 

No. Threads. 

Size. No. 

Threads. 

Size.' No 

. Threads. 

3-16.. 

...20 

7-8. 


1-4 . 

.18 

1-4 ... 

.. 18, 16, 20 

1 . 

.. 8, 10 

5-16. 

.16 

5-1G... 

...16, 18, 20 

1 1-8. 

...8 

3-8 . 

.14 

3-8 ... 

...14, 16 

1 1-4. 

...7 

7-16. 

.14 

7-16... 

...14, 16, 12 

1 3-8. 

...7 

1-2 . 

.12 

1-2 ... 

...12, 14, 10 

1 1-2. 

...7 

5-8 . 


9-16... 

...12 

1 5-8. 


3-4 . 

.10 

5-8 ... 

...10, 11, 12 

1 3-4. 

...5 

7-8 .... 

. 9 

3-4 ... 

...10, 9, 12 

2 . 

...4 1-2 

1 . 

. 8 


The first column of the number of threads to the inch are the standard threads. 































































































































-THE- 



AGENTS FOR 


HELLER & BROTHERS 

HORSE RASPS AND FILES 

_ 

ACEWTS FOR 


G. F. BEWICK & CO.’S 






























































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 53 


TABLE 

SHOWING THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF WASHERS IN A KEG OF 150 
LBS., OF EACH STANDARD SIZE, 

As Adopted by “ The Association of Bolt end Nut Manufacturers of the U. S." 


Diameter. 

Size of Dole 

Thickness 
Wne Gauge. 

Size of Bolt 

No. in 150 Iba 

1-2 

1-4 

No. 18 

3-16 

80.000 

6-8 

6-16 

- “ 16 

1-4 

34.285 

3-4 

6-16 

“ 16 

1-4 

22.000 

7-8 

3-8 

“ 16 • 

5-16 

18.500 

1 

7-16 

“ 14 

3-8 

10.550 

1 1-4 

1-2 

“ 14 

7-16 

7.500 

1 3-8 

9-16 

“ 12 

1-2. 

4.500 

i 1-2 

5-8 

“ 12 

9-16 

3.850 

1 3-4 

11-16 

“ 10 

5-8 

2.500 

o 

13-16 

“ 10 

3-1 

1.600 

2 1-4 

15-16 

“ 9 

7-8 

1.300 

2 1-2 

1 1-16 

“ 9 

1 

950 

2 3-4 

1 1-4 

“ 9 

1 1-8 

700 

3 

1 3-8 

“ 9 

1 1-4 

550 

3 1-2 

1 1-2 

“ 9 

13-8 

450 


PERKINS HORSE SHOES. 

Weight expressed in ounces. 


Front Shoes, No. 

0 

1 

AJ 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

Light. 

13 

15 

17 

21 

21 

29 

35 



Medium. 


17 

20 

24 

28 

34 

38 



Heavy. 


19 

22 

27 

32 

36 

41 

49 

54 

Hind Shoes, No.. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

Light . 

10 

12 

15 

18 

22 

26 

Si 



Medium. 


14 

16 

20 

24 

28 

33 



Heavy. 


14 

17 

21 

25 

30 

34 

• 38 

43 

Mule, No. 

1 

9 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 



Front Shoes. 

10 

12 

15 

18 

22 

25 

29 




“Ausahle” Horse Shoe Nails. 


STANDARD STZES. 


No. 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

12 


Length in inches. 
Number in pound 

1 « 
276 

1-LA 

168 

9 > 

^3 2 

138 

* 9L 

110 

9 7 
- 1 6 

96 

9 9 

• 6 

80 

2 n 

73 

3 Uj 

57 




























































































































































- IMPORTERS- 

ENGLISH and FRENCH PLATE GLASS. 

FRENCH WINDOW GLASS. 

FRENCH PICTURE <UASS. 

FRENCH CAR GLASS. 

ENAMELED GLASS. 

GROUND GLASS. 

CATHEDRAL GLASS. 

RUBY, BLUE, GREEN, ORANGE and PURPLE GLASSY 


SHARRATT & NEW TITS ENGLISH GLAZIERS’ DIAMONDS, 


-ALSO- 

American Plate Glass. American Window Glass. 

Floor and Skylight Glass. Embossed and Cat Glass' 


All kinds of Glass Out to any Slz9 and Shape required. Estimates furnished; 


HOLBROOK BROTHERS, 

87 and 89 Beektnan, and 53 and 55 Cliff Streets, 

hew tore: citt. 







































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. S3 


WINDOW GLASS. 

FRENCH OR AMERICAN. 


No. op Lights per Box op 50 Feet, 


6 

by 8 

150 

13 

by 

20 

28 

16 by 54 

8 

24 by 30 

10 

3 2by 36 

6 

6/<j 

44 

8% 

130 

13 

44 

22 

25 

16 

10 

60 

8 

24 

4. 

32 

10 

32 

» 1 

38 

6 

7 

44 

9 

115 

13 

<4 

24 

23 

18 

a 

20 

20 

24 

a 

34 

9 

32 

< 

40 

6 

8 

44 

10 

90 

13 

4 4 

26 

21 

18 

a 

20 

18 

24 

a 

36 

9 

32 

41 

42 

6 

8X 

44 

10* 

81 

13 

44 

28 

20 

18 

4 t 

24 

17 

24 

*i 

38 

8 

32 

ii 

44 

5 

8 

44 

11 

82 

13 

U 

30 

19 

18 

a 

26 

16 

24 

ii 

40 

8 

32 

ii 

48 

5 

8 

44 

12 

75 

13 

<4 

32 

17 

18 

a 

28 

14 

24 

44 

42 

7 

32 

ii 

50 

5 

9 

44 

11 

73 

14 

44 

15 

34 

18 

n 

30 

14 

24 

ii 

46 

7 

32 

ii 

56 

4 

9 

44 

12 

67 

14 

44 

16 

32 

18 

a 

3 1 

13 

24 

i< 

48 

6 

32 

ii 

60 

4 

9 

44 

13 

62 

14 

44 

17 

31 

18 

44 

34 

12 

24 

44 

50 

6 

32 

ii 

66 

3 

9 

44 

14 

57 

14 

44 

18 

29 

18 

44 

36 

11 

24 

44 

54 

6 

34 

ii 

36 

6 

9 

44 

15 

53 

14 

44 

20 

26 

18 

44 

38 

11 

24 

ii 

55 

5 

34 

ii 

40 

6 

9 

44 

16 

50 

14 

44 

22 

24 

18 

44 

40 

10 

24 

44 

60 

5 

34 

ii 

44 

5 

9 

44 

18 

45 

14 

44 

24 

22 

18 

4 i 

42 

10 

24 

(4 

66 

5 

34 

a 

46 

5 

10 

44 

12 

60 

14 

44 

26 

20 

18 

44 

44 

9 

26 

44 

28 

10 

34 

a 

48 

5 

10 

44 

13 

55 

14 

4* 

28 

19 

18 

44 

46 

9 

26 

44 

30 

9 

34 

a 

50 

4 

10 

44 

14 

52 

14 

44 

30 

17 

18 

44 

50 

8 

26 

44 

32 

9 

5 4 

a 

54 

4 

10 

44 

15 

48 

14 

44 

32 

16 

18 

44 

52 

8 

26 

44 

34 

8 

34 

a 

65 

4 

10 

44 

16 

45 

14 

44 

34 

15 

18 

44 

56 

7 

26 

44 

36 

8 

34 

44 

60 

4 

10 

44 

17 

43 

14 

44 

36 

14 

18 

44 

60 

7 

26 

44 

38 

7 

34 

44 

66 

3 

10 

44 

18 

40 

14 

44 

38 

14 

20 

44 

22 

16 

26 

44 

42 

7 

36 

44 

40 

5 

10 

44 

20 

36 

14 

44 

40 

13 

20 

44 

24 

15 

26 

44 

44 

6 

36 

4i 

44 

5 

10 

44 

22 

33 

14 

44 

42 

12 

20 

44 

26 

14 

26 

« 

48 

6 

36 

44 

46 

4 

10 

44 

24 

30 

14 

44 

44 

12 

20 

44 

28 

13 

26 

44 

50 

6 

36 

44 

48 

4 

10 

4« 

26 

28 

14 

44 

46 

11 

20 

44 

30 

12 

26 

44 

52 

5 

36 

44 

50 

4 

10 

44 

28 

26 

15 

44 

16 

30 

20 

4 1 

32 

11 

26 

4< 

54 

6 

36 

44 

54 

4 

10 

44 

30 

24 

15 

44 

18 

27 

20 

44 

34 

11 

26 

4» 

58 

5 

36 

44 

56 

4 

11 

44 

12 

55 

15 

44 

20 

24 

20 

44 

36 

10 

26 

tt 

60 

5 

36 

44 

60 

3 

11 

44 

13 

61 

15 

44 

22 

22 

20 

4 4 

88 

10 

28 


30 

9 

36 

44 

64 

3 

11 

4 i 

14 

47 

15 

44 

24 

20 

20 

44 

40 

9 

28 


32 

8 

36 

44 

06 

3 

11 

44 

15 

44 

15 

44 

26 

19 

20 

4i 

42 

9 

28 

4* 

34 

8 

36 

14 

70 

3 

11 

44 

16 

41 

15 

44 

28 

17 

20 

44 

44 

8 

28 

<4 

36 

7 

38 

44 

40 

5 

11 

44 

17 

39 

15 

14 

30 

16 

20 

44 

4S 

8 

28 

4 4 

40 

7 

38 

44 

42 

5 

11 

44 

18 

37 

15 

44 

32 

15 

20 

44 

50 

7 

28 

4 4 

42 

6 

38 

44 

44 

4 

11 

44 

20 

33 

15 

44 

34 

14 

20 

44 

54 

7 

28 


46 

6 

38 

44 

52 

4 

11 

44 

22 

30 

15 

44 

36 

13 

20 

44 

68 

6 

28 

4‘ 

50 

5 

38 

44 

56 

3 

11 

44 

24 

27 

15 

44 

38 

13 

20 

44 

64 

6 

28 

4* 

56 

5 

38 

4 i 

62 

3 

12 

44 

13 

46 

15 

44 

40 

12 

22 

(( 

24 

14 

28 

44 

60 

4 

38 

44 

66 

3 

12 

44 

14 

43 

16 

44 

16 

28 

22 

44 

26 

13 

28 

44 

66 

4 

40 

44 

40 

4 

12 

44 

15 

4'- 

16 

44 

18 

25 

22 

44 

28 

12 

30 

.4 

30 

8 

40 

44 

42 

4 

12 

44 

16 

38 

16 

44 

20 

23 

22 

4 » 

30 

11 

30 

44 

32 

8 

40 

44 

44 

4 

12 

44 

17 

35 

16 

44 

22 

21 

22 

44 

32 

10 

30 

• 

34 

7 

40 

44 

50 

4 

12 

44 

18 

34 

16 

44 

24 

19 

22 

4 4 

34 

10 

30 

4 ‘ 

38 

7 

40 

i 4 

54 

3 

12 

44 

20 

30 

16 

44 

26 

17 

22 

44 

36 

9 

30 

4‘ 

40 

6 

40 

44 

60 

3 

12 

44 

22 

27 

16 

44 

28 

16 

22 

44 

83 

9 

30 

* 4 

4 4 

6 

40 

44 

66 

3 

12 

44 

24 

25 

16 

44 

80 

15 

22 

44 

40 

8 

30 

4< 

46 

5 

40 

44 

72 

3 

12 

44 

26 

23 

16 

44 

32 

14 

22 

44 

42 

8 

30 


’48 

5 

42 

44 

42 

4 

12 

44 

28 

22 

16 

44 

34 

13 

22 

44 

44 

7 

30 

44 

50 

5 

42 

4 4 

48 

4 

12 

44 

30 

20 

16 

44 

36 

13 

22 

44 

48 

7 

30 

4‘ 

52 

5 

42 

4 4 

52 

3 

12 

44 

32 

19 

16 

44 

38 

12 

22 

4 4 

50 

7 

30 

4‘ 

54 

4 

42 

44 

62 

3 

12 

44 

34 

18 

16 

44 

40 

11 

22 

44 

52 

6 

30 

4‘ 

56 

4 

42 


68 

3 

12 

44 

86 

17 

16 

44 

42 

11 

22 

44 

55 

6 

30 

44 

60 

4 

44 

44 

46 

4 

13 

44 

14 

40 

16 

44 

44 

10 

22 

44 

60 

5 

30 

44 

64 

4 

44 

44 

50 

3 

13 

44 

15 

37 

16 

44 

45 

10 

24 

44 

24 

12 

30 

44 

66 

4 

44 

44 

56 

3 

n 

44 

16 

35 

16 

44 

48 

9 

24 

tl 

26 

12 

30 

44 

70 

3 

46 

44 

64 

3 

13 

44 

IS 

31 

16 

44 

52 

9 

24 

44 

28 

11 

l 32 

44 

34 

7 

46 

44 

64 

3 






























































X 

I 




28 COLLEGE PLACE, 

r 

NEW YORK. 







AND 



o 
























HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 57 


Solid Eye Sash Weights. 

LENGTH AND THICKNESS OF EACH SIZE. 


Weight. 

Inches 


i 

Inches 


| 

Inches 


in 

Length. 

Weight. 

in 

Length. 

1 Weight. 

in 

Length 


Diam. 



Diam, 


Diam, 

2 

4 

4 

9 

4 

181 

18 

2 

23} 

n 

4 

g| 

*2 

4 

!»} 

19 

2 

21} 

3 

4 

s 

10 

4 

18 

20 

2 

251 

3} 

4 

10} 

4 

18{ 

21 

2 

27* 

4 

4* 

u 

1} 

n 

11 

11?; 

4 

4 

mi 

20* 

22 

23 

2 

9 

w 

o-a 

** 4 

29 : j 

5 

4 

12} 

12 

4 

18;- 

21 

o 

•a 

311 

4 

4 

m 

of 

12* 

4 

191 

25 

o 

32j 

G 

4 

13 

2 

17} 

2G 

9 

Art 

32£ 

4 

4 

ig| 

H 

2 

191 

27 

») 

4J 

34* 

7 

lX 

17 

ir» 

O 

id 

20; 

28 

2 

3G? 

38| 

7} 

4 

18i 

1G 

9 

m 

29 

2 

8 

4 

1G} 

17 

2 

22.} 

30 

0 

w 

39* 

8* 

4 

m 

1 






Measuring Building Materials. 

* The following figures are worth remembering, as they will save a good 
deal of calculation and give approximately accurate results with a minimum 

of lab r: 

A cord of stone, three bushels of lime and a cubic yard of sand will lay 
100 cubic feet of wall. 

Five courses of brick will lay 1 foot in height on a chimney. 

Nine bricks in a cour.-e wiil make a Hue 8 inches wide and 20 inches long, 
and 8 bricks in a course will make a llue 8 inches wide and 16 inches loug. 

Eight bushels of good lime. 16 bushel ■< of sand and one bushel of hair'will 
make enough mortar to plaster 100 square yards. 

One-fifth more siding and flooring is needed than the number of square 
feet of surface to bo covered, because of the lap in the siding and matching 
of the floor 

One thousand laths will cover TO yards of surface, and 11 pounds of na’ls 
will nail them on. 

One thousand shingles laid 4 inches to the weather wiil cover 100 square 
feet of surface, and five pounds of shingle nails will fasten them on. 

Comparative Yalues of Woods for Fuel. 

Taking shellbark hickory as the highest standard, and calling that 100, 
other tteeswtll compare w.th it for burning purposes, as follows: Shell- 
hark hickory , 100; pignut hickory, 95 ; white oak, 81; white ash, TT ; dog¬ 
wood, 75 ; scrub oak. Id ; white hazel, 72 ; apple tree, 70 ; white beech, 6!); 
hi ick birch, 65; hard mtple, 65: black walnuc, 62; yellow oak, 6o; white 
elm, 53: red oik, 5 >; reicedir,5>; wild cherry, 55 ; yellow pine. 61; chest¬ 
nut, 52.* yellow poplar, 61; butternut, 43 ; wnite birc'a, 43; white pine, 30. 

Strength of Ice. 

Ice two inches thick will bear mm on foot; four inches, men on horse¬ 
back; six inches thick will bear cat la au.l teams with light loads; eight 
inch -s t.iick, teams wi h heavy loa Is. Ten inch -s will su-tain a pressure 
or 1 , 01 ) pound) o;r square foot. Tue above is on the supposition that the 
ice is sound, and not •• snow-ice.” 























































— MANUFACTURERS OF — 


ROLL & SHEET BRASS, 

BRASS & COPPER WIRE, 


COPPER RIVETS & BURRS, 

BRASS RODS & DOOR RAIL, 

LANTERNS & LANTERN TRIMMINGS, 

JRON AND TINNED RIVETS, 

BRASS & JAPANNED OILERS, 
LAMP COLLARS & SOCKETS, 
BRASS & COPPER TUBING, 

BRASS BUTT HINGES, 

BRASS & IRON JACK CHAIN, 

Kerosene Oil Burners & Trimmings. 

FOWLER Si LAMIETH’S PATENT FLS FANS, 


LIADHIL BURNERS ! hi>- 

&c., &c., Ac., 

No. 19 MURRAY STREET, 

sew vo»jr. ! 


i 















HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 09 


Weight of Iron, Steel, Copper and Brass Plates. 

DIAMETER AND THICKNESS DETERMINED BY AMERICAN GAUGE. 




Weight of Plates per Square Foot. 

No. of 

Size of 









Gauge. 

each No. 

Wrought 

Iron. 

Steel. 

Copper. 

Brass. 


Inch. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

0000 

.46000 

17.25 

17.48 

20.838 

19.688 

000 

.40964 

15.3615 

15.5663 

18.557 

17.533 

00 

.36480 

13.68 

13.8624 

16.525 

15.613 

0 

.32486 

12.1823 

12.3447 

14.716 

13.904 

* 

.28030 

10.8488 

10.9934 

13.105 

12.382 

2 

.25763 

9.6611 

9.7899 

11.671 

11.027 

3 

22942 

8.C033 

8.7180 

10.893 

9.8192 

4 

.20431 

7.6616 

7.7638 

9.2552 

8.7445 

6 

.18194 

6.8228 

6.9137 

8.2419 

7.787 

6 

.16202 

6.0758 

6.1568 

7.3395 

6.9345 

7 

.14428 

5.4105 

5.4826 

6.5359 

6.1752 

8 

.12849 

4.81S4 

4 8826 

5.8206 

5.4994 

9 

.11443 

4.2911 

4.3483 

5.1837 

4.8976 

10 

.10 89 

3.8209 

3.8718 

4.6156 

4.3609 

11 

.090742 

3.4028 

3.4482 

4.1106 

3.8833 

12 

.080868 

3 0303 

3.0707 

3.6606 

3.4586 

13 

.071961 

2.6985 

2.7345 

3.2598 

3.0799 

14 

.064084 

2.4032 

2.4352 

2.9030 

2.7428 

15 

.057068 

2.1401 

2.1686 

2.5S52 

2.4425 

16 

.050820 

1.9058 

1.9312 

2.3021 

2.1751 

IT 

.045257 

1.6971 

1.7198 

2.0501 

1.937 

18 

.040303 

1.5114 

1.5315 

1.8257 

1.725 

19 

.035890 

1.3459 

1.3638 

1.6258 

1.5361 

21 

.031961 

1.1985 

1.2145 

1.4478 

1.3679 

21 

.028462 

1.0673 

1.0816 

1.2893 

1.2182 

22 

.025347 

.95051 

.96319 

1.1482 

1.0849 

23 

.022571 

.S4641 

.8577 

1.0225 

.96604 

24 

.020100 

.75375 

.7638 

.91053 

.86028 

25 

.017900 

.67125 

.6802 

.81087 

.76612 

26 

.01594 

.59775 

.60572 

.72208 

.68223 

2T 

.014195 

.53231 

.53941 

.64303 

.60755 

28 

.072641 

.47404 

.48036 

.57264 

.54103 

29 

.011257 

.42214 

.42777 

.50994 

.48180 

30 

.010025 

.37584 

.38055 

.45413 

.42907 

31 

.008928 

.S34S 

.33926 

.40444 

.38212 

82 

.007950 

.29813 

.3051 

.36014 

.34026 

33 

.007030 

.2655 

.26904 

.32072 

.30302 

34 

.006304 

.2364 

23955 

.28557 

.269S1 

S5 

.005614 

.21053 

.21333 

.25431 

.24028 

36 

.005000 

.1875 

.19 

. 2265 

.2140 

•31 

3S 

.004453 

.003965 

.16699 

.14869 

.16921 

.15067 

.20172 

.17961 

.19059 

.1697 

39 

.003531 

.13241 

13418 

.15995 

.15113 

40 

.C03144 

.1179 

.11947 

.14242 

.13456 

Specific Gi 

rav. 

7.200 

7.295 

8.693 

8.218 

Weight per Cubic 
Foot •« •••»•••••• 

450. 

456. 

543.6 

513.6 










































Stanley Rule and Level Go. 

* MANUFACTURERS OF 

BOXWOOD AND IVORY RULE?, 

Plumbs and Levels, ‘lry Square*, Bevels, iiaugts, Mallets, Seret* 

Drivers, J£to. 

ALSO, 


BAILEY'S PATENT ADJUSTABLE PLANES 



AND OTHER IMPROVED CARPENTER’S TOOLS.. 

Factories, 1VEW BRITAIN, Conn. 

Wa^erooms. No. 29 Chambers Street, New York. 

Illustrated Catalogues furnished to Dealers on application. 



Butchers’ Cleavers, 
Butchers* Choppers, 

Axes and Hatchets, 

Grub Hoes and Mattocks, 
Mill Picks, 

Box Ciiibeli and Scrapers, 


Bradley’s 
Teels, 

Ring Bush Hooks, 

Ax Eye Bu?>h II inks, 

Socket Bush Hooks, 

Watt’* Ship Cat penters’Tools, 
Carpemei s’ Drawing Knives, 
Coopt rs’ and TurpeiuluoTooh, 


MARTEN DOSCHER, Agent, 

85 Chambers Street, N. Y. 























































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 61 






























































62 HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES 


BRAZED COPPER TIPES. 


WEIGHT PER RUNNING FOOT IN POUNDS. 


Diam. inch. 

Thickness in Inches. 


1-16 

S-16 

% 

5 16 

X 

7-16 

1 

.8 

1.2 

1.7 

2 7 

3.8 

4.9 

X 

1. 

1.5 

2.1 

3 3 

4.5 

6. 

Vt 

1.2 

1.8 

2.5 

3.8 

5.3 

6.9 

X 

1 4 

2.1 

2.8 

4.4 

6. 

7.8 

2 

1.5 

2.4 

3 2 

4.9 

6.8 

8.7 

x 

1.8 

2.6 

3.6 

o.5 

7.6 

9.7 

Xt 

1.9 

2.9 

4. 

6 1 

8.4 

10.6 

X 

2.1 

3.2 

4.4 

6 7 

9 1 

11.7 

3 

2.3 

3 5 

4.7 

7.3 

9.9 

12.5 

X 

2.T 

4 

5 5 

8 4 

11.4 

14.4 

4 

3. 

4.6 

6.3 

9.5 

12.9 

16 3 

X 

3.4 

5.2 

7. 

10.7 

14.4 

18.2 

5 

3.8 

5.7 

7.8 

11.8 

16. 

20.1 

X 

4.2 

6.3 

8.5 

13.1 

17.5 

22.5 

6 

4.6 

6.8 

9.3 

14 1 

19. 

23 9 


Standard Sizes, Lengths, &c., of Seamless Drawn Tubing. 


30 « . 

£2 E 

n =q 
t-'O 

Length 
Feet. 

n . 
% o 
c * be 
^ r 2 

<r*o 

Weights per Foot. 

Inches 

Outside 

Diam. 

A 

Ift? 

•■I. 

_ a « 

§ e-a 

oS « 

1- rH 

Weights per Foot 

Brass. 

Copper. 

Brass. 

Copper. 

X 

12 

16 

% 

X 

1 15-16 

12 

11&10 

2 

2 1-10 

% 

. 12 

15 

X 

X 

2 

12 

44 

2 1-5 

2X 

13-16 

12 

15 

9-16 

9-16 

2 /8 

10 

44 

2X 

2X 

X 

12 

15 

X 

K 

/ 8 

2X 

10 

44 

2% 

2X 

15-16 

12 

15 

11-16 

11-16 

2X 

10 

44 

2X 

2X 

1 

12 

4 

Vx 

% 


10 


2X 

3 

1* 

12 

14 

% 

X 

2X 

10 

44 

3 

3X 

IX 

12 

13 

lx 

1 

2% 

10 

44 

3X 

3X 

IX 

12 

li'M 

IX 

1% 

3 

10 

44 

3 1-3 

3X 

IX 

12 

12 

>x 

16-10 

3X 

10 

44 

3% 

4X 

IX 

12 

n X 

IX 

17-10 

3X 

10 

i< 

4X 

4% 

1 X 

12 

ii 

IX 

18-10 

4 

10 

44 

5 

5* 

1 13-16 

12 

li 

1 13-16 

19-10 

5 

10 

(4 

7 

8 

1% 

12 

11&10 

1 X 

1 15-16 







Weight of Brass, Copper, and Zinc Tubing, per Foot* 

Numbered by Brown Sharpe’s Gauge. Weights m Thousandths of Lbs. 


BRASS. 

No. 17. 

BRASS. 

No. 20. 


COPPER 

Lightning Rod Tube. 
No. 23. 

Inch. 

Lbs 

Inch. 

Lbs. 


mull. 

Lbs. 

>4 

.107 

X 

.032 


X 

.162 

5-16 

.167 

3-16 

.039 


916 

.176 

X 

.185 

X 

.063 


X 

.186 

7-16 

.234 

5-16 

106 


11-16 

.211 

X 

O 1 ft 

.*266 

X 

7 1A 

.126 

1 KQ 


X 

.229 

% 

.313 

X 

IDo 

.189 




Vx 

.377 

9-16 

.208 


ZINC. 

X 

.462 

X 

.220 


No. 20. 

1 

.542 

X 

.252 




IX 

675 

X 

.284 


X 

.161 

IX 

.740 

1 

.378 


X 

.185 

ix 

.915 

AX 

.500 


X 

.234 

134 

.9S0 

IX 

.580 


X 

.272 

2 

1.90 




1 

.311 

2X 

1.506 




ix 

.380 

3 

2 188 




IX 

.452 


I 


























































































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 63 
















































































































































































PETER A. FRASSE. JOHN JL. HOWE. 

PETER A. FRASSE & CO., 


©5 ST 

ISTH] W YORK. 

- HEADQUARTERS FOR- 

STUBS’ FILES, TOOLS and STEEL WIRE. 

OFFiCE OF £1. Y. FILE WORKS, 


ESTABLISHED 1816. 

Agents for 

Screw Co. 

MORSE’S 

TwiLt Drills 

AND 

Reamers. 

CROBETS' 

FIXE 

FiQisMngFilas 

DiesmRci’s 
Files. 

STEEL 


OP ALL KINDS. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 





Manufacturers cf 
P. A. F.&Co’s 

Roliillills. 

PolisMrg 

HeaManls. 

Steeles & Dies, 

ALL MAKES. 

oil Hones. 

CHUCKS. 

VISES. 

LATHES. 

Emery Wheels. 
Belting. 


WAREAHTEE 

BUMIIS’, HMD, MACHINE SCREW MD IT TAPS, 

Suit Hells fir HE!!DINE TURKEY GIL STONE. 

H , ixfc©arb*S Fiench 32**iery Paper* 


































































































































































HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 65 


Table of Iron, Steel, Copper and Brass Wire. 

WEIGHT OF 100 FEET IN FOUNDS. BIRMINGHAM WIRE GAUGE. 

Brass and Copper Wire from 0 to 25 is numbered by Stubs’ 
Gauge. Fine Wire from No. 26 is numbered by 
London Gauge. 


No. of 


PEL LINE 

AL FOOT. 


Gauge. 






Iron. 

Steel. 

Copper. 

Brass. 

0000 

54 62 

55 13 

62 39 

58 93 

000 

47 86 

48 32 

54 67 

51 64 

00 

38 27 

38 63 

43 71 

41 28 

0 

30 63 

30 92 

34 99 

33 05 

1 

23 85 

24 07 

27 24 

25 73 

2 

21 37 

21 57 

24 41 

23 06 

3 

17 78 

17 94 

20 3 

19 18 

4 

15 01 

15 15 

17 15 

16 19 

5 

12 82 

12 95 

14 65 

13 84 

6 

10 92 

11 02 

12 47 

11 78 

7 

8 586 

8 667 

9 807 

9 263 

8 

7 214 

7 283 

8 241 

7 783 

9 

5 805 

5 859 

6 63 

6 262 

10 

4 758 

4 803 

5 435 

5 133 

11 

3 816 

3 852 

4 359 

4 117 

12 

3 148 

3 178 

3 596 

3 397 

13 

2 392 

2 414 

2 723 

2 58 

14 

1 826 

1 843 

2 085 

l 969 

15 

1 374 

1 387 

1 569 

1 482 

16 

1 119 

1 13 

l 279 

1 208 

17 

8915 

9 

1 018 

9618 

18 

6363 

6423 

7168 

6864 

19 

4675 

472 

534 

5043 

20 

3246 

3277 

3709 

3502 

21 

2714 

274 

31 

2929 

22 

2079 

2098 

2373 

2241 

23 

1656 

1672 

1892 

1788 

24 

1283 

1295 

1465 

1384 

25 

106 

107 

1211 

1144 

26 

0859 

0867 

0981 

0926 

27 

0678 

0685 

0775 

0732 

28 

0519 

0524 

0593 

056 

29 

0448 

0452 

0511 

0483 

30 

0382 

0385 

0436 

0412 

31 

0265 

0267 

0303 

0286 

32 

0215 

0217 

0245 

0231 

33 

017 

0171 

0194 

0183 

34 

013 

0131 

0148 

014 

35 

0066 

0067 

0076 

0071 

36 

0042 

0042 

0048 

0046 













































Patented November 14, 18T6; November 6, 1878. 


Hade of a Single Piece. 
Best Bloom Iron. 

Highly Polished. 


Tinned Iron Handle. 

A First-Class Article. 
Always Satisfactory. 


FOB SALE BY ALL JOBBING HOUSES IN 



1ST THE UKITED STATES. 


NEW YORK STAMPING CO., 

SOLE MANUFACTURERS, 

311 and 313 AVENUE A, 


NEW TORE. 

















HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 67 


Table of Weights of Sheet Copper per Square Foot, and 
Thickness per English Wire Gauge. 


Stubbs’ Wire Gauge In Inches. 


English 

Wire 

Gauge. 

Weight 

per 

square 

loot. 

Weight of each sheet. 

14x48 

24x48 

30x60 

J Gx72 

48x72 


lbs. 

oz. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

No. 1 

14 

8 


110 

181 

201 

348 

2 

13 

14 


111 

174 

250 

334 

3 

12 

12 


102 

159 

230 

306 

4 

11 

9 


93 

145 

209 

278 

5 

10 

1 


81 

12G 

182 

242 

G 

9 

6 


75 

118 

1G9 

22G 

7 

8 

11 


70 

109 

157 

209 

8 

7 

14 


G3 

99 

142 

190 

9 

7 

3 


58 

90 

130 

173 

10 

G 

8 


48 

81 

117 

156 

11 

5 

12 


4G 

73 

104 

139 

12 

5 

1 


4 L 

G4 

91 

122 

13 

4 

5 

. 

35 

54 

78 

104 

14 

3 

9 


29 

45 

65 

86 

15 

3 

4 


2G 

41 

59 

78 

1G 

2 

14 


23 

36 

52 

70 

17 

2 

8 


20 

32 

45 

60 

18 

2 

2 


18 

27 

39 

52 

19 

1 

15 


1G 

24 

35 

47 

20 

1 

12 


14 

22 

32 

43 

21 

1 

9 


13 

20 

29 

39 

22 


22 

G4 

12 

18 

2G 

35 

23 


20 

4 

10 

1G 

23 

31 

24 


18 

4 

9 

15 

21 

28 

25 


16 

H 

8 

124 

19 

25 

2G 


14 

4 

7 

11 

15 

21 

27 


12 

3 V 

G 

<)2. 

*'3 

13 

18 

28 


10 

3 

5 

7 

11 

15 


No l 

..5-16 in. 

No. 11. 


3. 

.1-4 “ 

*• 10. 

.1-16 “ 

“ 7. 


«• 21. 

.1-32 *• 


Rules to be Observed in Ordering Metal or Wire. 

All Metal is numbered According to Brown & Sharpe’s U. S. Standard Gauge, 
which is known as The New Gauge.” _ r . ~ . 

All Wire is numbered according to Stubs’ English Wire Gauge, which is known 
ns one of the “ t >ld Gauges,” to No. 25 inclusive; No. 26and finer by London Gauge. 

Parties ordering Metal or Wire will please make their orders to conform to 
above Gauges A11 orders where the mme of Gauge is not stated, will be tilled as 
above. In case parties ordering Metal or Wire have no Gauge, a small piece of 
oither material may be sent, which will answer for the Number. 

For difference in Gauges see comparative tabie 

In ordering Metal always state width and temper wanted. . 

In ordering Wire always state whether Hard, Soft or Spring Wire is wanted. 

1 he term “ High ” Brass refers to color, and not to temper. 

























































































OVER 150 KINDS AND SIZES. 


lUDDUfi IMS’ SUMS k STRAIGHT TfflllHS. 



With MAROON and BLACK JAPANNED HANDLES. 

*> * ’ ; ' •• • j .»■ rS 


OR WITH 

NICKEL PLATED HANDLES and BLADES. 


THEY ARE THE HANDSOMEST AND MOST DURABLE MADE. 

BENT TRIMMERS AND TAILORS SHEARS. 

Every pair WARRANTED. Sold by all RELIABLE dealers everywhere. 


DIAMOND EDGE 

SOLID STEEL SHEEP SHEARS. 

Warranted superior to Foreign make s. 


UP" Agents Wanted in every Sheep District. 



Address HENRY SEYMOUR CUTLERY CO., Holyoke, Mass. 























HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 69 

> 

WROUGHT BRASS BUTTS. 

Width when Open, and Sizes of Screws Required. 


WIDTH OF BRASS BUTTS, WHEN OPEN. 


Size . Inches 

* 

1 

1 

4 

4 

1 4 

141414 

Narrow . Width 

1 

1 

II f. 

f 

1 l 

i ^ 

1 8 

i 


Middle . 

f 

a 

4 

a 

4 

1 

l 

1 1 

1 1 

1 

1 

Broad . 

i 

i 

1 

8 

|1 

1 

1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 

Desk . 

4 

If 

If 

If 

m 12 

1 2*1 n 1 2$ 


Size.Inches | 

2 

n 

2* |2f 

«> 

o 

\H 

3f 1 - 

Narrow .Width 


1 

4 

1.1 

id 

i it 11? 

2 

... 

Middle . 

4 14 

u. 

If 

4 1 if 1 if 

n 

... 

Broad . 

4 

u 

if 

1 U 

14 

14 

1 2 

2* 

•• 

Desk . 

“4 

3 

.. 

... 

... 

1 - 

• • • 


... 

BRASS BUTTS ARE COUNTERSUNK FOR SCREWS 

AS 

FOIiLOWS 


Size . Inch 

* ! 

a 

4 

8 

1 

4 

1 4 

4 

n 

4 

Narrow....Size of Screw 

0 

1 

1 

2 

2 

IJL 

1 * 

* 

4 

Middle. 

0 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1 3. 

M 

* 

4 

Broad. 

0 

1 

1 

2 

2 

I» 

! 4 


4 

Desk. 

1 

2 

2 

4 


! + 

1 -i 

5 

r> 


Size.Inch 

If 

4 

2 

2\ 

ol 

1 2 f 

i 8 

QJ. 

°4 

H 

Narrow....Size of Screw 

* 

5 

5 

s 

0 

1 <5 

7 

-r 

i 

8 

Middle... 

4 

5 

5 

5 

( > 

1 <5 

! 7 

7 

« 

Broad . . 

* 

• r > 

5 

• r > 


1 7 

1 7 

7 


Desk . 

6 

(> 

7 


... 

1 - 

1 ... 

... 

... 


EMERY AND CORUNDUM 

ARE RANKED OR GRADED AS FOLLOWS : 


Nosl 8 10. .Represents a Wood rasp. 

“ itJ-20. “ Rough file. 

“ 24-30. “ Middle cut file. 

“ 36-40. “ Bastard cut file. 

“ 46—CO. “ Second cut file. 

“ 70-80. “ Smooth cut file. 

“ 90-100. “ Superfine cut file. 

“ 120-FFF. “ Dead smooth file. 


Baeder & Adamson’s Emery Taper and Cloth 


COMPARE WITH GRADE AS FOLLOWS : 


Nos. 000 

00 

0 

100 

1 1 1 

4 

2 | 2f | 3 

Emery.... | Crocus 

Flour 

120 

100 

90. | 80 

7« 

GO | 54 | 46 




























































































































































70 HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES 


i 


Composition of Various Alloys, 


Alloys. 

Zinc. 

Tin. 

Ttnhbit metal .1.... 


10 

Rpll mpt.ril....... 


5 

TtrauB enodne hearings.. 

K 

13 

“ (tnrmh) for engine -works. 

15 

15 

*< “ for heavy bearing*. 

5 

25 

** yellow for turning. 

1 

“ fr>r loenmot.l ve hearings. 

1 

7 

“ for straps and glands ... 

1 

16 

Plunges t.o stand brazintr. 

1 

MetaT to expand in cooling . 

ATmitar’s sheating. 

’ 46 ’ 

• * * * 



100 

Spelter ...... 

1 

Sfailnarv bronze. 

5 

2 




Solders. 

F^r lend .. !. 


1 

,l tin. 


1 

li pewter.. 


2 

44 braziii<* (soft)... 

3 

1 

14 <4 ° ' (4 


2 

“ “ (hard). 

i 

“ “ (hardest). 

1 

• • • 


Cop¬ 

per. 


1 

16 

112 

100 

160 

2 

64 

130 

32 

6 * 

”i’ 

90 


Anti¬ 

mony 


2 

‘ii 


Lead. 


1 

9 


IV 

2 

1 


Specific Gravity and Weight of Metals and Alloys. 


Aluminium, cast. 

Antimony, cast ... 

Arsenic.. 

Bismuth, cast... 

Brass, cast. 

B r ass, rolled.about 

Bronze (Copper 8, Tin 1) Gun Metal, about 

Copper, cast.. 

“ rolled... 

“ wire. 

Gold, pure, cast, 24 carat. . 

“ “ hammered, 24 carat.aboni 

Iron, cast ) purest is /common av’ge 
“ wrought / heaviest \ “ “ 

Lead, cast.. 

“ rolled . 

Mercury, 40°. 

“ 32 °. 

“ 60°. 

“ 212°.. 

Nickel, Plate. 

Platinum, hammered.about 

“ native, iu grains. 

Sl ver, pure, east.. 

“ *• hamtne.ed . 

Steel (Carbon lightens it). .common av’ge 

Tin (common average). 

Zinc “ . 


u 


Specific 

Gravity 

Weight of a 
Cubic Foot. 

Weight, of a 
Cubic Inch. 


Lbs. 

Lbs. 

2560 

160 

.092 

6710 

419 

.243 

5*60 


.20S 

9822 

613 

.353 

7S00 

500 

.280 

8400 

527 

.304 

8390 

525 

.302 

8460 

528 

.305 

8750 

513 

.315 

8800 

543 

.317 

8851 

553 

.321 

19253 

1204 

.696 

195* »0 

1217 

.702 

7210 

450 

.260 

7-70 

485 

.280 

11301 

70S 

.403 

11410 

712 

.411 

15630 

97S 

.566 

13610 

84S 

492 

135°0 

846 

.490 

13375 

S36 

.4S3 

880 t 

509 

318 

21500 

1343 

.775 

17500 



10474 

654 

.378 

10510 

655 

.379 

7850 

490 

2S3 

7290 

455 

.262 

7000 

437 

.252 













































































































HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 71 


Wires of Various Metals Compared. 

The following table is given by Mr. David Kirkaldy, of London, to exhibit 
the tensile strength and resistance to tension of wire made of various ma¬ 
terials. 


Specimens Tested. 


Copper. 

Brass . 

Charcoal Iron. 

Coke Iron. 

Steel. 

Phosphor Bronze, No. 1. 

‘ “ No. 2. 

“ “ No. 3. 

“ “ No. 4. 


Pulling Stress per square inch. 


Hard. Pounds. 

Annealed 

Pounds. 

03 122 

37.002 

81.156 

61 550 

65.834 

46 60 

65.321 

61.294 

120 97G 

74.637 

159 515 

58.853 

151.119 

04.569 

73° 141 

54.111 

120.90, 

53.371 


Specimens Tested. 

Extension per cent. 

No. twists 
in 5 inches. 


Annealed. 

Hard. 

Annealed. 

Copper. 

34.1 

86.8 

96 

Brass. 

36.5 

14.7 

57 

Charcoal l on. 

28. 

48 

87 

flnk(> Tron. 

17. 

26. 

44 

Steel . 

10.9 

* 

79 

Phosphor Bronze, No. 1. 

46.6 

13.3 

65 

“ No. 2. 

42 8 

15.8 

60 

“ “ No. 3. 

44.9 

17.3 

53 

“ “ No 4. 

42.4 

13. 

124 


Of the eight pieces of steel tested three stood from 4 . to 45 twists, and 

live stood from \y t to 4 twists. 


Relative Malleability of tlie Metals. 

1. Gold. 3. Copper. 5. Platinum. 7. 

2. Silver. 4. Tin. 6. Lead. 8. 

Specific Resistances of Metals. 

. 1.00 " . 


Zinc. 
Iron. 


Copj>er .... 

Silver. 93 

Gold. 1.13 

Iron. 6.83 

Lead.10.76 


Mercury . 60.00 Brass Wire. 3.S8 

Palladium. 6.50 GennanSilverWire 11 .HO 

Platinum. 6.7'lNickct Wire. 7.70 

't in Wire. 6.80 Calcium Wire_ 2.61 

Zinc Wire. 3.70.Aluminium * ire.. 1 75 


Conductors and Non-Condnctors. 

In the following list each subs’auce named conducts better than that 
which precedes it f the first being the best insulator, the last the bc9t con¬ 
ductor 
1 Dry Air. 

Paraffine. 

Hard Rubber. 

Shellac. 

India Rubber. 

Gntta Percha. 

Sulphur. 


Giass. 

Silk. 


10 Dry Paper. 

1 Porcelain. 

1 i '.'try Wood. 

13 Dry Ice. 

14 Water. 

15 Saline Solutions. 

16 Acids 


19 Lead. 

20 Tin. 

21 Iron. 

22 Platinum. 

23 Zinc. 

24 Gold. 

25 Copper. 

26 Silver. 


17 Charcoal or Coke, 
pi.iv. 18 Mercury. 

When a wire of small resistance and an insulator of great resistance are 
employed upon a line, the highest excellence is secured, since the lower the 
resistance in the lormer the better is the transmission, and the higher the 
resistance in the latter, the less the waste of the current. 















































































ESTABLISHED 1854. 



29 & 31 CLIFF ST., 

Corner Fulton, NEW YORK. 


DICKERSON & CO., 

Dale Street, Liverpool. 


Tin Plate, 

Pig Tin, 

Pig Lead, 

Antimony, 

Ingot Copper, 

Spelter. 

American Sheet Iron, 

Russia Sheet Iron, 

Sheet Copper, 

Babbitt Metal, 
Sheet Zinc, 

Solder. 


AGENTS IF On 

Cleveland Rolling Mill Co. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

STEEL & IRON WIRE OF ALL KINDS. 

•ST See Advertisement facing page 39. 













HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 73 


Table of Standard or Regular Tin Plates. 


Size and Kind of Plates—Number and Weight of Sheets in a Box, and Wire 
Gauge Thickness, of every Kind and Size. 




X 

X 

o 




X 

o 




o 

« 




o 



Size. 

Grade. 

w 

.9 

CO 

r4 

GO 

r C 

too 

3 

6 

Size. 

Grade. 

33 

S 

X 

.5 

QD 

tp 

3 

0 



0) 

a 

v 




a 

0> 



0) 





6 


.9 



X* 

c n 

o 

Ph 

? 



7j 

O 

Ph 

£ 

10 by 10 

IC 

225 

T8 

29 

18 by 13 

TC 

225 

130 

29 

44 

IX 

225 

98 

2T 

IX 

225 

164 

27 

44 

IXX 

225 

112 

26 

44 

IXX 

225 

190 

26 

44 

IXXX 

225 

124 

25 

44 

IXXX 

225 

216 

25 

ii 

IXXXX 

225 

140 

24% 

14 by 14 

TC 

225 

152 

29 

10 by 14 

IC 

225 

103 

29 

44 

IX 

225 

192 

2T 

44 

IX 

225 

186 

2T 

44 

IXX 

225 

221 

26 

<4 

IXX 

225 

159 

26 

44 

IXXX 

225 

250 

25 

44 

IXXX 

225 

1T8 

25 

44 

IXXXX 

225 

2T9 

24)4 

2T 

44 

IXXXX 

225 

200 

24 X 

15 by 15 

IX 

225 

221 

10 by 20 

IC 

225 

156 

29 

44 

IXX 

225 

255 

26 

u 

TX 

225 

196 

2T 

44 

IXXX 

225 

288 

25 

11 by 11 

IC 

225 

95 29 

44 

IXXXX 

225 

322 

24)4 

44 

IX 

225 

118 

2T 

16 by 16 

IC 

225 

200 

29 

44 

IXX 

225 

135 

26 

4 4 

IX 

225 

252 

2T 

11 bv 15 

SMC 

200 

164 

26 

44 

IXX 

225 

290 

26 

44 

SI)X 

200 

185 

25 

44 

IXXX 

225 

328 

25 

44 

SDXX 

200 

206 

24% 

(4 

IXXXX 

225 

368 

24)4 

44 

SDXXX 

200 

226 

24 

IT by IT 

IX 

112 

140 

27 

44 

snxxxx 

200 

248 

23 

44 

IXX 

112 

162 

26 

22 bv 15 

SDC 

10'i 

164 

26 

44 

IXXX 

112 

184 

25 

44 

SDX 

100 

185 

25 

44 

IXXXX 

112 

2<’5 

24)4 

44 

SDXX 

100 

206 

24 X 

18 by 18 

IX 

112 

158 

2T 

44 

SDXXX 

100 

226 

24 

IXX 

112 

182 

26 

44 

SDXXXX 

100 

248 

23 

44 

IXXX 

112 

206 

25 

12& by IT 

DC 

100 

96 

28 

44 

IXXXX 

112 

231 

24)4 

44 

DX 

100 

124 

26 

22 by 22 

IXX 

56 

135 

26 

44 

DXX 

100 

145 

24 

44 

IXXX 

56 

... 

25 

(4 

DXXX 

| 100 

166 

23 

44 

IXXXX 

56 

. . . 

24)4 

41 

DXXXX 

1 100 

185 

22 

24 by 24 

IXX 

56 

15T 

26 

15 bv 21 

l)X 

100 

188 

2T 

44 

IXXX 

56 

... 

25 

44 

DXX 

100 

214 

24 

a 

IXXXX 

56 


24)4 

44 

44 

DXXX 

DXXXX 

100 

100 

245 

2T6 

23 

22 


Tkrnk Plates. 



25 by IT 

1)C 

50 

96 

28 

14 by 20 

TC 

112 

108 29 

44 

DX 

50 

124 

26 

4 * 

IX 

112 

136 2T 

44 

DXX 

50 

145 

24 

20 by 28 

IC 

112 

216,29 

44 

DXXX 

50 

166 

23 

4 4 

IX 

112 

2T2 

27 

4 4 

DXXXX 

50 

185 

22 

20 by 200 

IC 

• • • • 

172 

29 

14 by 20 

IC 

112 

108 

29 

44 

IX 

• • • • 

216 

2T 

44 

44 

IX 

IXX 

112 

112 

136 

15T 

2T 

26 


Tin Taggers. 



44 

IXXX 

112 

1T8 

25 

10 by 14 

| 1450 

| 108 | 38 

44 

44 

IXXXX 

IXXXXXX 

112 

112 

200 

240 

24% 

23X 

Black Taggers. 



12 by 12 

IC 

225 

108 

29 

10 by 14 


256 

108(32 

44 

IX 

225 

136 

2T 

44 


300 

108)34 

44 

IXX 

225 

15T 

26 

44 


360 

i 03 1 3<J 

44 

IXXX 

225 

1T8 

25 

44 


450 

108 3S 
















































[Uimiiuuuiuii 


Manufacturers of 










Street and 5$ 




FACTORIES : 

Brooklyn, X. F. 


ADDRESS: 

P. O. Box 2,517, 

New York # 




























































HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 75 


From the “ Metal Worker.” 

Cost of Tin Hoofing. 

The following table shows the cost per square and per square 
foot of tin roofing, laid with 14x20 tin, with tin at any price 
from $4 to $10 per box. The first column contains the price 
per box of tin; the second column shows the cost of tin p. r 
square (100 square feet) of surface, and tho third column shows 
the cost of tin per square foot of suiface : 

FLAT SEAM HOOFING—COST WITH 14x20 TIN. 


Cost per 


Cost per 



Bquai e of 


square of 


Price of tin 

flat root 

Cost per 

Price of tin flat roof 

Cost per 

per box. 

14x20 tin. 

sq. foot. 

per box. 14x20 tin. 

sq. foot. 

$4.25. 

...$2.21. 

.0221 

$8.25.$4.29. 

. .0429 

4.50.... 

O 04 

• •• •***’•••••• • 

.0234 

8.50."4.42. 

. .0442 

4.75.... 

... 2.47. 

.0247 

8 • / *)«••••••••. 4 •«)«) ••••• 

. .0455 

5.00 .. 

.. 2.00. 

.O20'» 

9.00. 4.08. 

. .0408 

r. 9 > 

• • • ^ • 

.0273 

9.25.. 4.81. 

. .0481 

/) • oO. • • • 

.... 2.80. 

.0280 

9.50. 4.94. 

. .0494 

n 75 

9 qq 

• •• •«/«/• •••••• 

.0299 

9.75. 5.07. 

.0507 

0.00.... 


.0312 

10.00 . 5.20. 

. .0520 

6.25... 

... 3.25. 

.0325 

10.25. 5.33. 

. .0633 

0.50.... 

• * • • 38 • •••••• 

.0338 

JO.50. 5.46. 

. .0540 

0.7o • • • 

• •• 3 • til ••»••• • 

.0351 

10.75. 5.59. 

. .0559 

7.00.... 

q (\A 

• • • •••••• • 

.0304 

11.00. 5.72. 

. .<>572 

7.25.... 

3 77 

.0377 

11.25 . 5.85. 

. .0585 

7.50.... 

• • • • O • 30 • •••••• 

.0390 

11.50. 5.98. 

. .<598 

7 75 

4.03. 

. 0403 

11.75. 0.11. 

. .0011 

1 8.00.... 

.... 4.16. 

.0410 

12.00. 0.24. 

. .0024 

STANDING SEAM ROOFING 

— COST WITH 14x20 TIN. 

1 

1 


Cost per 


Cost per 



square of 


square of 



standing seam 


standing seam 


Price of tin 

roof with 

Cost per 

Price of tin roof with 

Cost, per 

per box. 

14x20 tin. 

sq. foot. 

per box. 14x20 tin. 

sq. foot. 

| $1.2.')...... 

• • • ••••••« 

.0237 

$7.25.$4.03. 

. .0403 

4.50. 

9 51 

• • • • w « u 1 •••••• 1 

.0251 

7.50. 4.17. 

. .0417 

4.75. 

.... 2.05. 

.0205 

7.75. 4.31. 

. .0431 

5 00. 

.... 2.79. 

.0279 

8.00. 4.45. 

. .0445 

• ) • •#•••• 

.... 2.93. 

.0293 

8.25. 4.59. 

. .0459 

5.50. 

... 3.00. 

. 0300 

8.50. 4.73. 

. .0473 

r. 7 ft 

3 ‘>0 

. 0320 


. 0487 

'» . 



9.00. 5.01 . 

. .05<>l 

0.25. 

.... 3.48. 

.<>348 

9.25. 5.15. 

. .0515 . 

6.50. 

.... 3.02. 

. 0302 

9.50. 5.29. 

. .0529 

0.75. 

. .. 3 70. 

.0370 

9.75.. 5.43. 

. .0543 

7.00. 

... 3.90. 

.0390 

10.00. 5.57. 

. .0557 














































































IRON CLAD MANUFACTURIN6 CO. 


LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF 

Calfasiz bA Sleet Ira 



IN THE UNITED STATES, 

St'CH AS 

COAL HODS, ASH CANS, 

WATER and FIRE BUCKETS, 




Refrigerator or Drip Pans, 


'Well Buckets, Oil Tanks, «£c. 

Also, Manufacturers of the Justly Celebrated 

IRON CLAD MILK CANS, 

In New Yorh , Philadelphia , Cincinnati. Baltimore, 
Chicago, Boston, and St. Louis Patterns. 

STAMPED WARE AND TINNERS' TRIMMINGS. 

Faae, llivets. ike. 

Iron Clad Manufacturing Co., 

22 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK, 



































































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 


Cost of Tin Roofing—Continued. 

The following table shows the cost per square and per square 
foot of tin roofing, laid with 20x28 tiu, with tin at any price 
from $8 to $24 per box. The first column contains the price 
per box of tin; the second column shows the cost of tiu per 
1 1 square (100 square feet) of surface, and the thiid column shows 
the cost of tin per square foot of surface . 



FLAT SEAM HOOFING— 

-COST WITH 

20x28 tin. 



Cost per 



Cost per 



square of 



square of 


Price of tin 

flat seam roof 

Cost per 

Price of tin 

flat seam roof 

Cost per 

per box. 

20x28 tin. 

sq. foot. 

per box. 

20x28 tin. 

sq. foot. 

$8.00.... 

....$2.01. 

.. .0201 

$16.00 ... 

.$1.01 .... 

.0401 

8 . 50.... 

.... 2.13. 

.. .0213 

16.50.... 

. 4.13. 

.0413 

9.00.... 

... 2.26. 

. .0226 

17.00.... 

. 4.26 . 

.0426 

9.50... 

.... 2.38. ... 

.. .0238 

17.50.... 

. 4.38. 

.0438 

10.00.... 

.... 2.51. 

. .0251 

18.00.... 

. 4.51. 

.0451 

10.50.... 

• ••• 

.. .0263 

18.50.... 

. 4.63. 

.0463 

11.00.... 

.... 2.76. 

.. .0276 

19-00... 

. 4.76. 

.0476 

11.50_ 

.... 2.88. 

.. .0288 

19.50 ... 

. 4.88. 

.0488 

12.00.... 

... 3.00. 

.. .0300 

20.00.... 

5 Ol 

• ••• • « > i W 1 • i ■ • i • 

.0501 

12.50.... 

.... 3.13. 

.. .0313 

20.50.... 

r > 19 

»••••• « ' » A U •••••• 

.0513 

13.00 ... 

.... 3.25. 

. .0325 

21.00.... 

. 5.26. 

.0526 

13.50.... 

... 3.38. 

. .0338 

21.50.... 

• ••• • «tiB •••••• 

.0538 

14.00.... 

... • >0. 

.. .0350 

22.00.... 

• ••• • /*.«)!. «•«••• 

.0551 

14.50.... 

•> /»•) 

.... o . <>•>. 

.. .0363 

1 22.50.... 

. 5.63. 

.0563 

15. 00.... 


.. .0375 

23.00.... 

.. .. 5.76. 

.0576 

15.50.... 

.. 3.88. .. 

. .0388 

1 



s 

VN DING BEAM 

ROOFING 

—COST WIT 

h 20x28 TIN. 



Cost per 



Cost per 



square of 



square of 



standing seam 



standing seam 


Price of tin 

roof with 

Cost per 

Pri-e of t in 

roof with 

Cost per 

~ per box. 

20x28 tin. 

sq. foot. 

per box. 

20x28 tin. 

sq. foot. 

$8.00. 

....$2.15. 

. .0215 

$16.50.... 

.$4.42. 

.0442 

S. oO •••••• 

.... 2.28. 

. .0228 

17.00. 


. 0456 

9 00. 

... 2.41. 

. .0241 

17.50.... 

. 4.69. 

.0469 

9 50 

2 55. 

.0255 

!S.00. 

.... 4.82. 

.0482 

10.00. 

... 2.68. 

. .0268 

18.50. 

.... 4.96. 

. 0496 

10.50. 

... 2.82. 

. .0282 

19.00 ... 

. 5.09. 

.0509 

11.00. . .. 

.... 2.95. ... 

. .0295 

19.50. 

. 5.23. 

. 0523 

11.50. 

.. 3.09. 

. .0309 

20.00. 

. 5:36 . 

. 0536 

12.00. 


. .0321 

20.50.... 

. 5.49. 

.0549 

12.50. 

.... 3.35. 

. .0335 

21.00. 

. 5.63. 

. 0568 

13 00. 

.... 3.48. 

. .0348 

21.50. 

. 5.76. 

. 0576 

13.50. 

... 3.62....;. 

. .0362 

22.00. 

. 5.90. 

.0590 

14.00 . 

• •• * * /*)*••••• 

. .0375 

22.50. 

. 6.03. 

.0603 

14.50. 

... 3.89. 

. .0389 

23.00. 


.0617 

15.00. 

... 4.02. 

. .0402 

23.50. 

. 6.30 . 

.0630 

li) » *)()••# • • • • 

... 4.15 ... 

. .0415 

24.00. 

. 6.43. 

.0643 

16.00. 

4 29 

.0429 





77 


il 


















































































28 to 42 SUMMER AVE., 

fComer of Seventh Avenue /. 
NEAR D. L. & W. R. R. DEPOT, 
(Bloomfield Avenna Horse (Vs pass the door), 

JJSWAHK, 



MANUFACTURERS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION OF 

Brass and Iron Padlocks, 

-AND- 

FLAT KEYED, SCANDINAVIAN OR JAIL PADLOCKS. 

-ALSO- 

Dash and Carriage Lamps. Lanterns, &c. 


Illustrated Catalogues will be sent to the Trade upon application. 



































































































































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 79 


RUSSIA SHEET IRON. 



Size. 

Weight per 
Sheet. 

Wire Gauge. 

No. 

7. 

28x56 in. 

6* 

lbs. 

No. 

29 

t i 

8. 

ii 

71 

ii 

<« 

28 

it 

9. 

ii 

8 

ii 

ii 

27 

ii 

10. 

ii 

9 

ii 

it 

26 

1 i 

11. 

ii 

10 

it 

ii 

25 

ii 

12. 

n 

10* 

it 

ii 

24* 

a 

13. 

a 

Hf 

ii 

ii 

24 

ii 

14. 

a 

m 

ii 

u 

231 

it 

15. 

a 

131 

ii 

it 

22* 

ii 

16. 

a 

141 

it 

ii 

211 


SHEET ZINC. 


Zinc Gauge. 

Stubs’ 

Wire Gauge. 

Weight 
per sq. foot. 

i 

Approximate Weight 
per sheet. 


21 

X 

84 

23 

X 

84 

28 

X 

84 

30 

X 

84 

32 

X 

81 

34 

X 

81 

36 

X 

84 

40 

X 

84 



oz. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

6 

29 

7 

61 

64 

71 

7| 

81 

8* 

91 


7 

281 

8 

7 

7s 

81 

8| 

9* 

94 

104 


8 

28 

9 


81 

91 

91 

104 

114 

11* 


9 

27 

101 

91 

10 

lOf 

114 

12i 

13 

13f 


10 

26 

12 

101 

in 

12 

! 13 

14 

15 

16 


11 

25 

131 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 


12 

24 

15 

13 

14 

15 

16i 

174 

184 

20 


13 

23 

17 

15 

16 

17 

184 

20 

21 

22 

25 

14 

22 

19 

17 

18 

194 

21 

22 

234 

25 

28 

15 

21 

22 

' 19 

21 

224 

24 

254 

27 

29 

32 

16 

20 

25 

22 

21 

254 

27 

29 

31 

33 

36 

17 

19 

28 

25 

27 

21 

’ 31 

33 

35 

37 

41 

18 

18 

31 

27 

30-1 

32 

34 

36- 

38 

41 

45 

19- 

17 

35 

31 

33 

36 

• 38 

41 

44 

46 

51 

20 

16 

40 

35 

38 

41 

44 

47 

50 

53 

59 


SHEET LEAD 

IS MADE TO WEIGH, PER SQUARE FOOT : 

2 'A. 3, 34, 4)4, 5, C, 7, 8, 9, 10 pounds, and upwards. 

















































































West Side GalvanizingWorks. 

HOOPES & 3VIERRY, 

535 to 547 WEST 15TH STREET, NEW YORK. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

The “LION” and "PHOENIX” Brands of 

GALVANIZED SHEET IRON. 

All grades of Black Sheet Iron kept in stock. Corrugated Iron 

for Roofing or Siding. 

Tin Plates, Solder, Sheet Zinc, Slating and Roofing 
Nails, Tinned, Galvanized and Black. 


All kinds of Iron Work Galvanized or Tinned to Order. 


LEONARD BAILEY & CO., 

MANUFACTURERS OF THE 

“VICTOR” PATENT ADJUSTABLE 



BENCH PLANES- 


— ALSO — 

SPOKE SHAVES, BOX SCRAPERS, Ac. 

FACTORY , HARTFORD , CONN. 

Sold by all Hardware Dealers- 
Ifcsf* Illustrated Circulars furnished to Dealers on application. 


































[From “The Metal Worker.”] GALVANIZED SHEET IEON. 

able, Showing Gauges, with Weights per Square Foot; List Price per Pound ; Cost per Square Foot at List, together with Cost per 
Found and per Square Foot at Different Discounts, ranging from 25 per cent, to 55 per cent. 

In this Table prices are calculated to three places of decimals, which is sufficiently accurate for all practical purposes. 


HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 


I 


r/> 

C3 

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HORACE F. SISE, 

Hardware Manufacturers’ Agent, 

100 Chambers Street, 

NEW YORK. 

CAST BRONZE 


HORSE SHOE PADLOCKS, 



Paten! cd Juuc 24, 1ST9. 


No. 610 . (50) 

Size, 2 l /4 in. 

No. 610— With two Flat Steel Keys each. per doz. §9.00 

Extra Keys to Lock, or sample Ivey_ “ ~1.80 

Key Blanks ..‘. « on 

Packed 1/3 dozen in a box. 













































































































































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 83 


ROOFING SLATE. 

GENERAL BULB FOB TUB COMPUTATION CF SLATE. 

From the length of the slate take three inches, or as 
many as the third covers the first; divide the remainder by 
2, and multiply the quotient by the width of the slate, and 
the product will be the number of square inches in a single 
slate. Divide the number of square inches thus procured 
by 144. the number of square inches in a square foot, and 
the quotient will be the number of feet and inches required. 
A square of slate is what will cover 100 feet square, when 
properly laid upon the roof. 

TABLE OF SIZES AND NUMBER OF SLATES IN ONE SQUARE. 


Size in 
Inches. 

1 No. of Slate 
in a Square. 


a-aa 

coqj 

0> • 

* § 

O. ES 

d* 

fc.S 


fi 00 

•r~ J 

c x) 

N « 

a> 

& h 

r 35 

GG d 

? 
c CO 

o ^ 

C T* 

<v 

©-a 

N O 
a 

CChh 

No. of Slate 
in a Square 

Gxl2 

533 


9x14 

291 


10x18 

192 

11x22 

137 

7x12 

457 


10x14 

261 


1.x 18 

174 

1 x?2 

121 

8x12 

4‘>0 


12x14 

218 


12x18 

160 

1-X22 

US 

9x12 

355 


8x16 

2-7 


14x18 

137 

12x24 

114 

10x12 

320 


9x16 

246 


10x20 

169 

14x24 

93 

12x12 

2 6 


10x16 

221 


11x20 

154 

16x24 

86 

7x14 

; 74 


12x16 

185 


12x20 

111 

14x26 

89 

8v 14 

3 7 


9xlS 

213 


14x20 

121 

16x26 

78 


The weight of a square of Slate is estimated in a general 
way (varying according to the thickness of the different 
makes) at from 600 to 700 lbs. pei square. 


Metal Supplies for Tinners. 

REGULAR QUANTITIES IN WHICH THEY ABE SOLD. 

Sheet Iron. ) j English, about 125 lbs. in bundle. 

-£ 


<< 

<< 


Common or R.G.... ( /American, “ 140 “ 

Galvanized.. “ 145 “ 

Widths.24 to 30 inches. 

Lengths.72 to 96 “ 

“Russia” Sheet Iron (28 by 56).240 lbs. in bundle. 

Pig Tin, “English,” in Pigs of 28, 56, and 84 lbs.' 

“ “Straits,” “ of 75 to 100 

“ “ Banca,” “ 70 

Pig Lead, “ 120 to 150 

Spelter, in slabs, of 20 to 70 

Wire, in bundles of 63 

“ Galvanized, American, in bundles of 63 
English, “ 100 


<( 


«< 


-3 

o 

03 

03 



































COLWELL LEAD CO., 

63 CENTRE STREET, 

NEW YORK, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

AMERICAS STANDARD SHOT, 

OF SUPERIOR FINISH. 




ppm 

JjJjl ilil. 


EM) ail LEAD PIPE 


ALSO, DEALERS IN- 





PLUMBERS’, STEAM AND GAS FITTERS’*! SUPPLIES 


OF ALL KINDS. 





























HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 85 


STANDARD WEIGHTS OF LEAD PIPE, Etc. 

WIIGHT PEB FOOT OF LEAD PIPE AND TIN-LINED LEAD PIPE. 


Cal¬ 

ibre 

AAA 

Brooklyn. 

AA 

Ex Strong 

A 

Strong. 

B 

Medium. 

c 

Light. 

]> 

Ex Light 

E 

Fountain. 


Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb 

. Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

% 

1 

8 

1 

5 

1 

2 

1 

0 

0 

13 

0 

10 

0 

8 

X 

3 

0 

2 

0 

1 

12 

1 

4 

1 

0 

0 

13 

0 

11 

X 

3 

8 

2 

12 

2 

8 

2 

0 

1 

12 

1 

8 

1 

0 

X 

4 

8 

3 

8 

3 

0 

2 

4 

2 

0 

1 

12 

1 

4 

1 

6 

0 

4 

12 

4 

ft 

3 

4 

2 

8 

2 

0 

1 

8 

lx 

6 

12 

5 

12 

4 

12 

8 

12 

3 

0 

2 

8 

2 

0 

IX 

9 

0 

8 

0 

6 

4 

5 

0 

4 

4 

3 

8 

3 

4 

2 

10 

12 

9 

0 

T 

0 

6 

0 

5 

4 

4 

0 




LEAD WASTE PIPE. 


IX 

inch, 

2B)P . 

per foot. 

4 inch, 4X 5 5, 6 & 8 lbs.. 

.per foot. 

2 

4* 

3 lbs. 

• 4 

4>$ inch, 6, 6X & 8 lha.. 

44 

2 X 

44 

4 and 

44 

6 inch, 8, 10 & 12 h)8... 

44 

3 

44 

3X.4X&5 B>s. 

44 

6 “ 9K and upwards 

44 

• 


EXTRA WEIGHTS OF LEAD PIPE. 


Calibre. 

7-16 Thick. 

% Thick. 

5-16 

Thick 

X Thick. 

3-16 

Thick. 



Lb. 

Oz. 

] b. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

2X 

inches.. 

0 

0 

16 

11 

13 

11 

11 

0 

7 

13 

3 

44 

0 

0 

19 

10 

16 

0 

12 

0 

9 

0 

3X 

44 

26 

10 

21 

10 

18 

5 

15 

0 

9 

8 

4 

44 

30 

0 

25 

0 

21 

0 

16 

0 

12 

8 

4X 

44 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

18 

0 

14 

0 

5 

44 

0 

0 

81 

0 

0 

0 

20 

0 

0 

0 


PATENT FINISH DROP SHOT. 

AMERICAN STANDARD 8IZES. 



Diameter 

No of 



Diameter 

No. of 


in 10 * the of 

Shot to 



in 100 th* of 

Shot to 


an iDch. 

the oz 



an inch. 

the oz. 

Extra Fine 

Dust.. IX 

64021 

No. 6 . 

. 11 

218 


3 

10784 

44 

6 . 


168 


4 

4565 

*4 

4. 

. 13 

132 

No. 12..... 


2326 

44 

8 . 

. 14 

106 

“ 11 . 


1346 

44 

2 . 


66 

“ 10 . 


1056 

44 

1 . 

. 16 

71 

“ 10 . 

. 7 

848 

44 

B. 

. 17 

59 

it 9 

.Trap Shot 

68 * 

14 

BB .... 

. 18 

6 ) 

“ 9. 

. '8 

668 

44 

BBB ... 

. 19 

49 

44 g 

Trin Shot 

472 

44 

T. 


36 

v t • • » • 

“ 8 . 

. 9 

899 

4* 

TT. 


81 

“ 1 ... . 

.Trap Shot 

338 

44 

F. 


27 

“ 7 . 

. 10 

291 

44 

FF. 

. 23 

24 


COMPRESSED BUCK SHOT, 




Dameter 

No. of 

. ■— ■ 

Diameter • 

No. of 



in lOOtba of 

Balls to 


in lOOths of 

Balls to 



an inch. 

the H> 


an inch. 

the ». 

No. 

3.... 

. 25 

284 

No 00. 

34 

115 

1% 

2.... 

. 97 

232 

“ 000 . 

86 

9i 

44 

1.... 

. 30 

173 

Balls . 

38 

85 

44 

0.... 

. 32 

140 

44 

44 

50 

































































































86 HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 


Weight and Dimensions of Wrought Iron Welded Pipes* 


FOR GAS, STF.AM AND WATFR. 


Inside 

P i ami-ter 
i'i inches. 

Outside 
Diameter 
in inches. 

Weight, 
per foot in 
pounds. 

Inside 
Diameter 
in inches 

Outside 
Diameter 
in inche*. 

Weight 
per foot in 
pounds. 

% 

0.40 

0.24 

3 

3 5 

7.54 

4 

0.54 

0.42 

334 

4 0 

9.05 

y* 

0.67 

0.63 

4 

4.5 

10.72 

}q 

0.S4 

0.86 

434 

5.0 

12.49 

% 

1.05 

1.12 

6 

5.51 

14.63 

1 

1.31 

1.67 

6 

6.6 1 

13.77 


1 60 

2.25 

7 

7.62 

23.41 

1*4 

1 95 

2 . 6 .) 

S 

8 62 

28.35 

2 

2.37 

3.66 

9 

9.68 

34."7 

24 

2.87 

5.77 

10 

10 75 

40.64 


Lap Welded American Charcoal Iron Boiler Tubes. 


TABLE OF STANDARD SIZES, 


s. 

u 

rs 

c * 
oS 

4-* C* 

H 

w 

Externfl Cir¬ 
cumference. 

Internal Di¬ 
meter. 

Internal Cir¬ 
cumference. 

Thickness. 

Length of 
Pipe per sq. 
ft. or inside 
! surface. 

Length of 
Pipe per sq. 
ft. of outside 
surface. 

Internal 

Area. 

73 - 

E E 
c a 

w 

*• 

O 

a 

4- -*-» 

*2 

a> 

* 

Ins. 

In-. 

Ins. 

In*. 

Ins. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Ins. 

Ins. 

lbs. 

1 

3.142 

0.856 

2.6S9 

0 072 

4.460 

3.819 

0 575 

0.7S5 

0.703 

IV 

3 927 

1.126 

3.474 

0.072 

3.455 

3 056 

0 960 

1.227 

0.9 

1 t. 

4.712 

1.331 

4.191 

0.083 

2.863 

2.547 

1 396 

1.767 

1.253 

1 

5.598 

1 .560 

4 901 

0.095 

2 44S 

2.183 

1.911 

2.405 

7.363 

2 

G.2S3 

1 .804 

5.667 

0.098 

2.118 

1.909 

2.556 

3. 42 

1 9M 

2*4 

7 (169 

2 051 

6.4S4 

0.(93 

1.85) 

1.693 

3 314 

3.976 

2.233 

23t 

7.854 

2.2S3 

7.172 

0 109 

1.673 

1.528 

4.091 

4 939 

2.755 

2 V 

8.639 

2. f 33 

7.957 

0.109 

1.508 

1 .390 

5. 39 

5.940 

3.043 

3 

9.425 

2.783 

8.743 

0 K9 

1.3.3 

1.273 

6.083 

7 069 

3 333 

8*4 

10.210 

3 01 ? 

9.462 

0 1*9 

1 .268 

1 17 5 

7 125 

8 .£93 

3.958 

3^ 

10 9 5 

! 3.262 

10.248 

0.119 

1 J71 

1.091 

8.357 

9.621 

4 A 7 i 

84 

1.781! 8.5 2 

11.033 

0.119 

1.088 

1.018 

9.6>7 

11 045 

4 590 

4 

12.566 

3 741 

11.753 

0.130 

1.023 

0.955 

10 992 

12 566 

6.320 

/ 1 / 

h /i 

14.137 4.241 

13.323 

0.130 

0.901 

0.849 

14.12 5 

15. <*04 

6 01 t 

5 

15.708 

4.72 

14.S18 

0 140 

0 809 

0,764 

17.497 

19.635 

7.225 

6 

IS 849 

6 629 

17 904 

0 151 

0.670 

0 637 

25.509 

28.274 

9.345 

7 

n .991 

6 657 

20 914 

0 172 

0.574 

0 545 

31.805 

38 484 

12 435 

8 

'5.132 

7.C3J 

3.9-9 

0 182 

0.500 

0 478 

45.795 

50.265 

15.109 

9 

28.374 

8.(515 

27.055 

0.193 

0.444 

0.424 

58.291 

63.617 

18.002 

10 

31.416 

9. . 3 

30."74 

0 214 

0.399 

0.882 

71 975 

78.540 

22.19 


Liglit Wrought Iron Artesian Tube and Casing for Oil 

Wells. 


STANDARD STZES, 


Outside 
Diameti r in 

inches. 

I side 
Diameter in 
inches. 

Wiight per 
Foot, 
Pounds. 

Outside 
Diameti r, 
Inches. 

Insid t 
Diameter, 
Inches. 

We ight per 
Foot, 
Pounds. 

1 % 

Vi 

1 665 

4 V 

4 

5 500 

234 

2 

2.238 

4 % 

44 

6.010 

2 34 • 

2*4 

2.753 

5 

44 

- 7.2 6 

2* 

2 v 

3.045 

54 

5 

7.667 

3 

2 % *• 

3 333 

5 X 

5 3-16 

8.083 

34 

3 

3.958 

** 6 

- 

9 340 

3 '4 • 

334 

4.272 

VA 

64 

10 Out 

3% 

334 

4.95.) 

7 

64 

12 433 

4 

3% 

5.320 

8 

74 

1».1(9 


1 


s x 

84 

13 155 






















































































* 


HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 87 


Sizes of Tanks and Contents. 


Diameter. 

Depth. 

Gallons. 


Diameter 

Depth. 

Gallons. 

Feet. 

Feet. 



Feet. 

: Feet. 


12 

8 

G,767 


24 

12 

40,607 

14 

9 

10 363 


26 

13 

51,6/8 

13 

9 

13,535 


2 S 

14 

64,481 

18 

10 

19.034 


30 

15 

79,310 

20 

10 

J3.499 


32 

16 

96,i 53 

22 

11 

31 277 


34 

17 

115,451 


Capacity of Cisterns and Reservoirs in Cailons. 

DEPTH 10 INCHES ; DIAMETEE FE.OAI 2 TO 2 » FliET. 


2 

feet... 

.19.5 

5 

feet 

..122.40 

8 

feet 

..313 33 

12 fort 

... T05. 

2A 

it 

.30.6 

5)4 

U 

..148.10 

8 A 

ii 

..353.72 

13 

it* 

... 827. 

3 

a 

.44.06 

6 

ti 

..176.25 

9 

it 

..396.56 

14 

u 

... 959. 

8A 

it 

.59.97 

6>4 

• t 

..206 >5 

9>4 

ii 

..461.4U 

15 

44 

... 1 , 101 . 

4 

it 

.78.33 

7 

it 

. .239.88 

10 

44 

..489.20 

20 

M 

.. . 1 .! 59. 

4'A 

it 

.99 '4 

1A 

tt 

..275.40 

11 

it 

..592.40 

25 

It 

...3.059 


Capacity op Boxes.—A box 24 inches long by 10 inches wkle, and 23 
inches deep, will contain a barrel (3 bushels). 

A box 24 inches long by 13 inches wide, and 14 inches deep, will contain 
half a barrel. 

A box 13 inches square and 8.4 inches deep, will contain one bushel. 

A box 8 inches by S.4 Inches square, and 8 inches deep, will contain one 
peck. 

A box 8 inches by 8 inches square, and 4.2 inches deep, wiil contain one 
gallon. 


cz> 

S3 

.2 

C3 


C/5 

C3 

O 

• * 


£ 

s 

P- 

O 

£ 

& 

Ti 


rt 

ft 

c3 

C 
c ft 


*3 

© 


to 

a 


s x t*x xxxx; xxxxxxXX xxxxxx 

73 csao>ooo'* | 'Moaoi-aO‘s«0'i>'t>coociC i i«C‘0-^'caco(N<r»»-4 


Li 

S ,6 
««-■ o 
Eos 

s» O 
P ^ 


f ' 2* 3? Sr: 3? >:>? >?;<* XXXXy x. X 

“ w » HS«C9<-'®nC8 9»<e«<fliO'*f'M<OlO'#»* 

71 r-» r-< t—> T-* T-* 4 /, 

a 


• 

■ 

* 

( 0 . 

e o o 

3 e- 

P 






»sr 


75 w •«* cn *t w> ao t— «o co cr. ac »ft t y* v* cc •*> ta c. o* *■ a u « c> 
a 




« 

N 

X 


S - a - a 

5- Jj.2- . . 3 3 Sr- 
ns B 

to c* to o* 


. !« < a oc • . 

j t? / o ^ s; £ j 
- p» pl.2 

P. C r-> ^0 Q 4 pi Ps 




i ig n in H ~ ■ 

r—I i 


o- ?- to 

' ~ r-> r—* Xr 


\A ® 

I MH|T 



































































EARLESS 


I 





llri 


? r.-s 


3 

I 

II« '' 
2 i* 


¥ 
tfifl 

« e- T, 


-J3 

£ s ? £cS5 

c v- c ^ — 4 

L*- -a 
t- | c .••“ 

® 5-r F* 
♦* S ir 5 o 

a|S§ w , 

j-* 3 ^ .ef 

C 

ge o c - 3 
— t*. * <►- a 

•efala 

§« Ef a 
® b = E < 
r IxrE 

C = fe i-M 

- cc H 


I © I £ 
fc s*£ 
1 * 1 « 

Hi! 

Z*. a tcv 

II = tl 

8{1i 5 

1 * M 

its-. 

§5 ail 
£ 1 

III fj 

Jc |=.1 

Mis* 

kni 

c.^s • 
°~.m § 

f I 0js 

Sst« 


'.'" •» • * -JL 






Horse Powers and Threshers & Cleaners, 
THRESHERS, SEPARATORS, FANNING-MILLS & CIRCULAR-SAW MACHINES, 




























HOPKINS' KANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 89 


WORKSHOP RECIPES. 

Cement to Resist Fire and Water, and Harden Quickly. 

Two parts finely sifted unoxodized iron filings. 

One part, perfectly dry, finely powdered loam. 

Knead the mixture with stroug vi^e^ar into a homogeneous plastic mass, 
to be used os soon as made. 

To Soften Putty. 

To remove ohl putty from bfoken windows, dip a small thrush in nitro- 
muriatic add or caustic soda (concentrated lye), and with it annoint or 
paint over the dry putty that adheres to the broken glass and frames of your 
windows ; after an hours interval, the putty will have become so Bof i. as to 
be easily removable. 

Painter’s Putty. 

c- or v d Made into a stiff paste. If not 

Botled^llI Ut P ' 1Zt . 20 4 r intended for immediate use, raw 

One pound of putty for stopping every 20 yards. 

Glazier’s Putty. 

70 pounds; boiled oil, 30 pounds; water, 2 gallons. Mix. 


oil should be used. 


If 


Whiting, 

too thin add more whiting; if too thick, add more oil. 

Cement for Stopping- Joints, Etc. 

White lead in oil, mixed with enough white sand to make it a stiff paste. 
This grows hard by exposure, and resists heat, cold and water. 

Cement for Feather Belting. 

Take of common glue anl American isinglass, equal parts ; place them 
iu a boiler and add water sufficient to cover the whole. Let it soak 10 
hours, then bring it to a boiling heat, and add pure tannin until the whole 
becomes ropey or appears like the whites of eggs. Apply it. warm. Buff 
the grain off the leather where it is to be cemented; rub the joint surfaces 
solidly together, let it dry a few hours, and it is ready for practical use ; 
and. if i roperly put together, it will not need riveting, as the cement is 
nearly of the Bame nature as the leather itself. 

To Remove Rusty Bolts. 

To remove bolts that have become rusted badly, without breaking 
them, is quite simple if understood. The best method is to apply kero¬ 
sene oil liberally, and give time for it to soften the rnst before any attempt 
is made to turn the nut. If, after the rust has softened, it does not start 
easily with the wrench, give a rap on one corner with a blow of the ham¬ 
mer. A hammer and cold chisel rightiy used will often start a rusted nut 
that would not yield to the wrench without twistiug off the bolt. 

How to Prepare Fence Posts. 

A western farmer says that he discoverd many years ago that wood could 
be made to last longer than iron in the ground. Time and weather, he says, 
seem to have no effect on it Posts can be prepared for less than two 
cents apiece. This is the recipe : Take boiled linseed oil and stir it in 
pulverized charcoal to the consistency of paint. Put a coat of this over 
the timber, afid, he adds, there is not a man that will live to see it rot. 

A Practical Rule for Faying Pipe for Draining Fund. 

Soils.. Depth of Pipe. 

CoaVse Gr«VM>8aiid.j left« 

Light Sand with Gravel.* 

Light Loam." 

Loam with Clay.f 

“ “ Gravel. 3 

Fandy Loam.®. 

Soft Clay 
Stiff " 


.2 

.2 


<4 

44 


44 

44 


44 


Distance 
i. apart. 

_BO “ 


.33 

44 


.21 

44 


. ...27 

« 


.40 

U 



44 


15 

44 


Greatest*Fall of Rain is 2 inches per hour-M308 6 galls, per acre. 

























miUMOuii a duumuj 

Itf o. 2S4 Broadwsy, 

Bctwctn KeaJe aail Duane Streets, XTE V/ 

M A N U FJ. CTU RERS OF 


£ UU, 



POCKET CUTLERY, 


.BRIGHT IRON SCREW HOOKS AND EYES. 


CAST STEEL RRMMEM8* 

WROUGHT IRON GOODS. 

Corkscrew?, Hand-Rail Screws. 
NASH’S PATENT SAW SETS, 

AND A VARIETY OP 

pUILDEF(3’ AND OTHER J4 a^DWARE. 

HEADQUARTERS FOR 


STEPHENS <fe CO., 

M AKU PA CTURERS OF 



^l\e Williiun ; l{ogei'S Mliriufecturirig Co., 

MAN I PACTURERS OP 



[the [WFJFOLK gHEAFJ COMP/- [MY, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

SHEARS j^ssud SCISSORS 
















HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES 


9 f 


Yalue of Iron. 

VALUE PFR GTt~PS TON (2240 LRS.) OF IKON AT FROM 1-10TH OF A CENT TO 
It) CENTS FEU POUND, INCREASING AT KATE OF 1-lUTH OF 
A CENT PER POUND. 


Per lb. in 

Cts . & 1-lOtlis. 

Price 
Per To*' 

Per lb. in j 
cts. & 1 -lOths. 

Price | 
Pel* ’J on 

Per lb. in 
cts.& l-i"ih-i. 

Price 
Per ion 

1-10 

3 2.21 

3 5.-10 

$ 78.40 

6 8-10 

$152.31 

2 - 

4.48 

6 - 

80.64 

9- 

154.56 

8 - 

6 72 

7- 

82.88 

7 

156.80 

4- 

8.96 

8 - 

85.12 

1-10 

153. <4 

5- 

11.20 

9- 

87.86 

2 - 

161.23 

6 - 

13.44 

4 

89.60 

S- 

163 52 

7 

15.68 

1-10 

91.84 

4- 

165.74 

8 - 

17.22 

2 - 

94.03 

5- 

168 00 

9- 

20 . >6 

3- 

96.32 

6 - 

170.24 

1 

22 40 

• 1 - 

98.56 

7- 

172.43 

1-10 

24.64 

5- 

100.80 

8 - 

174.72 

2 - 

26.88 

6 - 

103.64 

9- 

176.96 

3- 

29.12 

t - 

1(5.28 

8 

179.20 

4 

31.36 

8 - 

107.52 

1-10 

181.44 

5- 

13.60 

9- 

1(9.76 

2 - 

183.63 

6 - 

35.84 

5 

112.00 

3- 

18'» 92 

7- ' 

38. OS 

1-10 

114 24 

4- 

183.14 

8 - 

40.32 


116.48 

5- 

19-*.4) 

9- 

42.56 

3- 

118.<2 

6 - 

192.14 

2 

44. SO 

4- 

120.96 

7- 

194.88 

1-10 

47.04 

i 6 " 

123.20 

8 - 

197.12 

2 - 

49.28 

ti- 

1*5.44 

9- 

199.16 

3- 

5! .52 

7- 

127.68 

9 

201.60 

4- 

63 76 

8 - 

129.92 

1-19 

203.84 

5- 

53 00 

9- 

132.16 

2 - 

206.08 

6- 

58.24 

6 

134.40 

3- 

208.32 

7- 

CO 48 

1-10 

136.64 

4- 

210 56 

6- 

62 72 

2 - 

138.88 

5- 

212.SO 

9- 

64.96 

8 - 

141.12 

6 - 

215.04 

3 

C7.20 

4- 

143.36 

7- 

217.23 

1-10 

69.44 

5- 

145.60 

8 - 

219.52 

2- 

71.68 

6 - 

747.84 

9- 

221.76 

8 - 

73.92 

7- 

160.CS 

10 

224.00 

4- 

76 16 

! 

1 

! 



Hoop and Scroll Iron. 

NUMBER OF FEET IN A BUNDLE OF FIFTY-SIX POUNDS. 


HOOP IKON. 


Size. 


Width. 


y a inches. 

X “ 

H 

1 

IV 
W 
IX 
IX 

2 


u 
ii 
• l 

a 

tt 

it 

ti 


Thick. 


No. 21 
“ 20 
“• 19 
13 
“ IT 
“ 13 
“ 15 
“ 15 
“ 14 


Feet in 
Bundle. 


815 
630 
450 
36 i 
278 
217- 
160 
139 
lit). 


8CROLL IKON. 


Size. 


Width. 


% inches 

y'a 


5/ 

/8 


/4 

X 

% 

X 

Vs 

% 

% 

1 

1 

1 


It 
It 
l< 

It 

“i • 

• c; . 

tit-. : 
»t • 

to 

ti' 

it 

ii 


Thick. 


N 


>. 10 
16 
14 
TO 
,16 
14 
12 
10 
16 
14 
12 
16 
14 
1*2 


Feet in 
Bundles. 

240 
430 
•S47 
190 
860 
290 
208 
160 
310 
219 
175 
270 
2.6 
15J 




































































































































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 03 




Weight of Flat Iron. 



WEIGHT OF RUNNING FOOT IN POUNDS. 


. 

1 

CO-flOCOl-O COCOkOCOt-O 

WOCi05000r-U500i-'rj'b.OC<;''0 • 


Cri 

so 50 t— t- t— t— t- l-l— CO 00 CO CO 00 O O. ®:COOHr"'5 ; l»>SJ«WM-)"ti , w' • 



t— < r-* t-h r- t—«t— iHrrirTHr'r' H ^ rH • 


5-16 

cof2r/i — t—co inr-h.^ciw r- m o w fN h o 

. . . r, WW»0<0l'*0>OTHWI0Q0OWCdC0r-C0C0C0HTl«C00>C<^t-0>WI0 • 

ioioiotocososotosososot— t— t-t-t-Q0G0Q0c»OiO5O5 a. 0000 -^- 1-1 • 

orT 

<v 

pC 

o 

c 

i — rH r-< rH rH rH rH t— 4 rH • 

T 

22 28 & P rH<M<MeOrt<lOCOCO»-OOCJ • 

^ O CO l— Oi HWcO’tWCHOOOCl't^GCOC^ONOrHMlS^CJTHM^t- 

►—* 

r-* 

'^'^’^ , ^'^tO»0»0»OOiO»0»0»00'OOCOCOl^b-t'»t'-b*COCOCOCDOOO>OJOiaO • 

h 


rH • 

an 



CO 


CO C-U- CO rj< 0» O COSTCO 00 

^^^^^i—COOTOJOrHOJCOcOkOCOOO THCC’f«Ob*OiC(N^iOt-OOOHCOO • 

a 

1-H 

O 

1 

CO 

COCOCOCOcOCOCOCOCO*^'^‘Hj* , ^Tt*rJ , '^rflC^OiOlOlO^O^O^COCOCOCOCOl—t-— l-t-* • 

• 




H 

00 

01 ?2 ... *2 _ so '-Oi-KoeiNoJcrtMm-fioifliawot-i-Nixicoo".os® 

ci .ieoco-fioia(0<oi-t-cDa3®Or-o)ci)itwttbico®OiHNcii->#io(Ot : *ijb 


H 

O3C3O3O3O3©313O303O3O3O3©3C3e0e0«5MC«SCOCOC0C0C0'rt<rll"ri<'<*r*ril-<*-*ri(>o • 



N O r* OH^GOO^COHCrHt'-^U^JMh.COCOCOGOCO^’tCiHOiO • 

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CO 


1 

r~* 

rtHr-iHrirtHHr(Hr-lHHHr-lr-lHnHrHHHrirllSCqj)fflds<9<«l«9< • 

a 



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a 

****»! *** : 

£ 

►H 



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rH rn rH • 


00 

ttr-OtNK-MOlif kO rH H. 03 CO r* 0> »Q —• SO ©3 S—CO CJ ■»}• © S© rH h- ©3 00 OHSO 

03 -S' k® t— QOOi-(Ml®tOM»r-lN4wi-®OJ)CDW!0®OHMi*«t-eiH(M'#lfl 


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s 

-t <- M SO O) U» O CO r-it t- COSOOS03SOOOOJlOOOr— CO t— CO S© Os ©3 k® CO >- 

Or-MiflOSOOOJ. O 03 CO -l" SO »— 06 Ol r- (N X l0SSI-0>Or-C01 , «S0t»C> OINMil 

ft: 

o 

W(NCCMMW« 

V 

XX 


M^^^lCiOCOccHNNQOOOiO* HHW^COCft^t^ioOWCDCOHt-H 

QOCiOH<NM'tWCOt-a)0>OTH!N^«COb«COO;Or-C^CC4»CciHODC50rH(MM 

CJ 

■f 

a 

»-H 

rH 

rH *— 1 rH rH i—1 r—k r-i i—s r-i rH 03 ©3 ©3 03 O3O303C3O3C0C0C0C0C0C0C0C0C0C0rJ<rj«r^i-J' 

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HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 05 


-—- - - — - 

Weight of Flat Iron — Continued. 

WEIGHT OP RUNNING FOOT IN POUNDS 

• 

JL 

"3 

G 

.s 

CD 

3Q 

X. 

G 

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C-' 

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rirlnnrtrlrl r-r-C — — <N(MM3llM<M(MCM2l<MM®liM3l;MOS0505O5O5«O5 • 

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PATENT ANTT-FBICTION 

BARN DOOR HANGERS 



A Standard Article, 

WITH MERITS 

Possessed by No Other 
Hanger Made. 

THE ONLY REAL 

Anti-Friction Hanger 

That Stands the Test. 


The Sale of them has been un¬ 
precedented, and is con¬ 
stantly on the increase. 


Liar PRICES. 
No. 1, per dozen Pairs, 

No. 1 %, “ “ “ 

No. 2, “ “ « 

Discount, per cent. 


$12.50 

13.50 

15.00 


MANUFACTURED BY 


T. F. CHERITON HARDWARE CO., 

79 Recide Street, New York. 



































































































































































HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 97 


flat iron. 


NUMBER OF FEET IN A BUNDLE OF 112 POUNDS. 




Size. 

Feet in 
Bundle. 



Size. 


Feet in 
Bundle. 

X 

by 

Y inch.... 

. 267 

7/ 

YS 

by 

X 

inch. 


X 

X 

4/ 

44 

516 “ ... 

. 216 

7S 

5-18 

% 

44 

. 122 

44 

% “ ... 

. 175 

X 

7/ 

44 

44 

100 

U 

X “ ... 

. 214 

44 

7-16 

44 

90 

5 / 

44 

5-16 “ ... 

. 170 

% 

7/ 

44 

X 

X 

X 

5-16 

44 

.... 75 


44 

% “ ... 

. 145 

44 

4 4 

60 

.V 

44 

Yi “ ... 

. 106 

1 

44 

44 

. 135 

X 

% 

44 

X “ .. 

. 175 

1 

44 

44 

. 106 

(4 

6 16 “ ... 

. 142 

1 

44 

X 

7-16 

44 

90 

X 

44 

% “ ... 

. 120 

1 

44 

44 

. 78 

X 

\ 

44 

7-16 “ ... 

. 103 

l 

44 

X 

9-16 

44 

. 65 

4« 

X “ ... 

. 90 

1 

4 

44 

. 60 

X 

44 

h “ • • - 

. 70 

l 

44 

X 

44 

. 52 


Round and Square Iron. 

NUMBER OF FEET IN A BUNDLE OF 112 POUNDS. 


ROUND IRON. 

SQUARE IRON. 

Size. 

Feet in 
Bundle. 

Size. 

Feet in 
Bundle. 

3-16 inch . 


3-16 inch ... 

958 

M “ . 

688 

Y “ . 

540 

6-16 “ . 

440 

5-16 “ . 

345 

3/ “ 

305 

3^ “ . 240 

7 16 “ . 

225 

7-16 “ . 

176 

Y . 

170 

Y “ . 

135 

9-16 “ . 

136 

9-16 “ . 

107 

“ . 

110 

% “ . 

87 

11-16 “ . 

90 

Illl6 “ . 

70 

H “ . 

75 

X “ . 

CO 


Round Bar Iron. 


WEIGHT OF A RUNNING FOOT IN POUNDS. 


1 

Diam. 

Inch. 

Wt per. 
foot. 
Lbs. 

Diam. 

Inch. 

Wt. per 
foot. 
Lbs. 

! Diam. 

Inch. 

Wt. per 
foot. 
Lbs. 

Diam. 

Inch. 

Wt. per 
foot. 
Lbe. 

1-16 

.01 

1 1-16 

2.975 

2X 

11.9 

4 X 

44.85 

Yc 

.0411 

X 

3.338 

X 

13.3 

X 

47.54 

3-16 

.0925 

3-16 

3.725 

% 

14.75 

x 

50.33 

X 

.1651 

X 

4.12 

X 

16.4 

X 

53.32 

6-16 

.2573 

5-10 

4.545 

X 

18.1 

X 

56.34 


.371 

X 

5. 

X 

19.85 

X 

59.44 

7-16 

.505 

7-16 

5.455 

X 

21.6 

X 

62.62 

X 

.657 

X 

5.945 

3 

23.7 

5 

65.88 

9-16 

.835 

9-16 

6.445 

X 

25.55 

X 

69.23 

X 

1 031 

% 

6.975 

X 

27.81 

X 

72.65 

11-16 

1.235 

11-16 

7.52 

/'S 

29.85 

X 

76.18 

X 

1.475 

X 

8.05 

X 

32.25 

X 

79.75 

13-16 

1.74 

13-16 

8.65 

X 

34.45 

% 

83.45 

X 

2.015 

X 

9.25 

X 

37.1 

X 

87.20 

15-16 

2.317 

15-16 

9.9 

X 

39.5 

X 

91 50 

1 

2.625 

2 

10.65 

4 

41.95 

G 

95. 


FGK STEEL multiply tubular number above (for size) 1.01. 



































































































-THE- 


PECK, STOW 1 WILCOX CO., 

SoifTHiXGcTON, Con/., if. S./!. 


MANUFACTURERS OF 


Tinners’Machines and Tools, 

GENERAL AND STATIONERS' 

HARDWARE. 


FACTORIES AT 


Southington, 

Pleasantville, J- 

} 

East Berlin, J 


Kensington, 

W°yst Cheshire, 
Bii 'mingham, 


— and — 

Cleveland, Ohio. 


SALESROOMS : 

27 CHAMBERS STREET, 

hew; yoke. 

Wi 









HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTFS AND QUERIES. 99 


SQUARE BAB IRON. 

WEIGHT OF A RUNNING FOOT, IN POUNDS. 


Thick 

Inch. 

Wt. per 
ft. Lbe. 

Thick 

Inch. 

Wt. per 
ft. Lbs. 

Thick 

Inch. 

Wt. per 
ft. iJis 

Thick 

Inch. 

Wt. per 
ft. Lbs. 

1-16 

0131 

1 1-16 

3.80 

2 1-8 

15.15 

4 1-8 

57.20 

1-8 

.0525 

1-8 

4.25 

14 

17. 

1-4 

60.75 

3- G 

.1182 

3-16 

4.73 

3-8 

18 5 

3-8 

64.35 

1-4 

.2103 

1-4 

5.25 

1-2 

25.5 

1 2 

68. 

r> 16 

.3100 

5-16 

5.7S 

5-8 

23 1 

5-S 

72. 

3-8 

.4735 

3-8 

6.35 

3-4 

25.2 

ii-4 

75.65 

7-16 

. 6445 

7-16 

6.95 

7-3 

27.5 

7-S 

79. SO 

1-2 

.84 

1-2 

7.55 

3 

30.05 

5 

83.8 

9-16 

1.063 

9-16 

8.2 

1-8 

32.75 

l-S 

S8.25 

5-8 

1.314 

5-8 

8.85 

1-4 

35.5 

1-4 

92.5 

11-16 

1 59 

11-16 

9.57 

3-8 

33.25 

3 8 

97.15 

3-4 

1 891 

3-4 

10.30 

1-2 

41.15 

1-2 

101. 

13-16 

2.221 

13-16 

11.05 

5-8 

44.15 

5-8 

105.8 

7-8 

2.575 

7-8 

11.83 

3-4 

47.20 

3-4 

110.5 

15-16 

2.95 

15.16 

12.62 

7-8 

50.25 

7-S 

1*15.15 

1 

3.35 

2 

13.4 

4 

53 75 

6 

120.25 


FOR STEEL multiply tabular number above (for size) by 1.01. 


RAND IRON. 


NUMBER OF FEET IN A BUNDLE OF 112 POUNDS. 


Size. 

Feet iu 
Bundle. 

Size. 

Feet in 
Bundle. 

Width. 

Thick. 

Width. 

Thick. 

i.¥ 

inches. 

No. 

12 

265 

2% 

inches 

No. 

12 

110 

U'r 

44 

• 4 

10 

213 

2 A 

44 

44 

10 

88 

1>8 

a 

4. 

7 

160 

2 A 

44 

44 

8 

72 

1 A 

* 4 

a 

12 

246 

2% 

(4 

44 

6 

60 

lh 

44 

44 

10 

190 

3 

44 

* < 

12 

101 

u 

if 

44 

7 

145 

O 

o 

44 

44 

10 

80 


4 . 

44 

12 

205 

3 

44 

44 

8 

66 

1 A 

. 4 

44 

10 

160 

3 

44 

44 

6 

57 

1 *4 

t t 

44 

7 

120 

3 if 

44 

44 

10 

75 

1 % 

t 

44 

12 

175 

3 >4 

44 

44 

8 

60 

i A 

• 

44 

10 

138 

3 >4 

44 

44 

6 

50 

1 A 

«> 

44 

8 

110 

3A 

44 

44 

10 

69 

1 ; 4 

• 4 

44 

7 

100 

3% 

4 

44 

8 

57 

•2 

44 

44 

12 

155 

3 a 

44 

44 

6 

48 

9 

4 • 

44 

10 

120 

4 

44 

44 

10 

60 

2 

44 

44 

8 

99 

4 

4 « 

ii 

8 

50 

2 

44 

44 

7 

90 

4 

44 

44 

6 

40 

2 

“ 

“ 

6 

81 

4* 

44 

44 

10 

52 

2 A 

44 

44 

12 

135 

4 k 

• 4 

44 

8 

43 


(4 

44 

10 

105 

4 A 

4 « 

44 

6 

35 

2 A 

(4 

44 

8 

88 

5 

44 

44 

10 

48 

2 A 

44 

44 

6 

72 

5 

44 

44 

8 

40 

2 A 

1 4 

44 

12 

120 

5 

44 

44 

6 

34 

2 A 

44 

44 

10 

95 

6 

4. 

44 

10 

40 

2 A 

44 

44 

8 

77 

6 

44 

44 

8 

32 

2 A 

44 

44 

6 

65 

6 

44 

44 

6 

26 





























































100 HOPKINS i HANDY NOTESj AND QuEKItb. 


Weight of Sheet and Plate Iron. 


THICKNESS BY BIRMINGHAM WIRE GAUGE AND INCHES, WEIGHT 
OF A SQUARE FOOT IN POUNDS. 


THICKNESS. 

Weight 

Pounds. 

THICKNESS. 

Weight 

Pounds, 

B. W. 
Gauge. 

Part of aa inch. 

B. W. 
Gauge. 

Part of an incn. 

36 

.004 

.126 

11 

.120 

4.4s 

36 

.005 

.2 2 


X or .125 

5.054 

34 

.007 

.283 

10 

.134 

5.426 

33 

.008 

.322 

9 

.148 

5.98 

32 

.009 

.364 


5-32 or .1562 

6.305 

31 

.010 

.405 

8 

.165 

6.605 

30 

.012 

.485 

7 

.180 

7.27 

29 

.013 

.526 


3-16 or .1875 

7.578 

28 

.014 

.595 

6 

.203 

8.005 

27 

.016 

.677 


7-32 or .2187 

8 79 

26 . 

.018 

.755 

5 

.22 

8 912 

26 

.020 

.811 

4 

.238 

9.62 

24 

.022 

.912 


X or .25 

10 09 

23 

.025 

1.018 

3 

.259 

10*37 

22 

.028 

1.137 


9-32 or .2812 

11 .3S 


1 32 or .03125 

1.259 

2 

.284 

11.525 

21 

.032 

1.31 

1 

.3 

12.15 

20 

.035 

1.416 


6.16 or 3525 

12.58 

19 

.042 

1.695 

0 

.340 

13.750 

18 

.049 

1.075 


11-32 or .3437 

13.875 

17 

.058 

2.35 


X or .375 

15.10 

16 

.065 

2.637 

00 

.380 

15.26 


1-16 or .0625 

2.618 


13-32 or .4062 

16.34 

16 

.072 

2.92 

000 

.426 

17 125 

14 

.083 

3.35 


8-16 or .4375 

17.65 


8-32 or .0937 

3 78 

0000 

.454 

18.30 

13 

.095 

3.85 


15-32 or .4607 

18.90 

12 

.100 

4.4 

00000 

y z or .50 

20.20 


Weight of Sheet and Plate Iron. 

THICKNESS IN INCHES. WEIGHT OF A SQUARE FOOT IN POUNDS. 


Inches 

Thick. 

Lbs. per 
Square Foot 

Inches 

Thick. 

Lbs. per 
Square Poot 


Inches 

Thick. 

Lbs. per 
SquareFoot. 

9-16 

22.5 

1 X 

70.62 


3 X 

156.51 

% 

25.21 

13-16 

73.14 


4 

161.55 

11-16 

27.75 

V* 

75.53 


X 

166.6 

X 

30.25 

15-16 

78.20 


X 

171.76 

13-16 

32.75 

O 

A! 

80.75 


X 

176.71 

% 

35.26 

X 

S6.75 


X 

181.77 

16-16 

37.75 

X 

90.81 


5/ 

1S6.79 

1 

40.35 


95.86 


X 

191.84 

1-16 

42.87 

X 

100.9 


7Y 

196.9 

X 

46.4 

% 

105.95 


5 

201.85 

3-16 

47.9 

X 

111 . 


X 

206.9 

X 

60.45 

y% 

116.1 


X 

211.95 

6-16 

52.96 

3 

121.15 


x 

217 

% 

65.45 

X 

126.21 


X 

222.05 

7-16 

68.01 

X 

131.26 


X 

227.01 


60.52 

H 

136.32 


X 

232.15 

9-16 

63.05 

X 

141.37 


X 

237.2 

% 

65.56 

X 

146.41 


c 

242.25 

11-16 

63.11 

X 

151.46 





For STEEL PLATES multiply tabular numbers above (for Size) by 1.01. 






































































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. IO! 


Weight and Thickness of Boiler Iron. 


1 

-8 mch weighs 5 lbs. per sq. ft. 

No. 

1 Iron 

is... 5- 

-16 

inch thick. 

3- 

-16 

a 

i t 

7J“ 

i i 

No. 

n 

O 

4 4 

...9- 

-32 

i L 

1 

-4 

a 

a 

10 “ 

it 

No. 

4 

ii 

... 1 - 

-4 

ii 

r»- 

-16 

a 

ii 

12 i “ 

ii 

No. 

5 

ii 

...7 

32 

i i 

3- 

-8 

a 

a 

15 “ 

it 

No. 

ft 

i 

ii 

...3- 

-16 

ii 

7- 

-1G 

i c 

a 

m “ 

ii 







1- 

-2 

a 

a 

20 “ 

ii 








Thickness of Boiler Tron Required 

AND PRESSURES ALLOWED BY THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES. 


Pressure equivalent to the Standard for a Boiler 42-in. in di¬ 
ameter and \ in thickness. 


Thickness 
in IGths. 

Diameter in inches. 

34 

36 

38 

40 

42 

44 

46 


Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

5 

169.9 

160.4 

152. 

144.4 

137.5 

131.2 

125.5 

4 h 

158.5 

149.7 

141.8 

134.7 

128.3 

122.5 

117 2 

H 

147.2 

139.1 

131.8 

125.1 

119.2 

113.7 

108 8 

4 

135.9 

128.3 

121.6 

115.5 

110. 

105 

100. 

3f 

124.5 

117 6 

111.3 

105.9 

100.8 

96.2 

92 

4 

113.3 

106.9 

101.3 

96.2 

91.7 

87.5 

83.. 

3 

101.9 

96.2 

91.2 

82 6 

82.5 

78.7 

75. . 


Number of Burden’s Rivets in 100 Lbs. 


r- 4 • 

re co 

ti> 

bDjs 

Thickness in inches. 

A m 

■§>Jt 

Thickness in inches. 

/—< i '*■! 

H o 

»Jh 

1-2 

5-8 

11-16 

3-4 


1-2 

5-8 

11 16 3-4 

a 

4 

1,092 

665 



34 

433 

267 

212 

180 

i 

ft 

1,027 

940 

597 




413 

248 

201 

169 

l 

538 

450 


4 

395 

241 

192 

160 

* 

840 

512 

415 


4 


230 

184 

158 

1 

4 

797 

487 

389 

356 

i 

4 


220 

177 

1 50 

3 

760 

460 

370 

329 

4 


210 

171 

146 

| 

730 

440 

357 

280 

a 

4 


200 

166 

138 

* 

711 

420 

340 

271 

5 


‘ 190 

161 

135 

I 

! 

693 

390 

325 

262 

4 


180 

156 

130 

648 

375 

312 

257 

4 


172 

151 

124 

2 

608 

360 

297 

243 

i 


164 

145 

120 


573 

354 

289 

237 

6 


157 

140 

115 

i 

555 

347 

280 

232 

i 

4 


150 

138 

111 


525 

335 

260 

220 

4 


146 

134 

107 

| 

500 

312 

242 

208 

1 


143 

129 

104 

3 

460 

290 

224 

197 

Ff 

i 


140 

125 

100 


• fen-: -! ———- 


















































































IN EVERY VARIETY, 

MANUFACTURED FOR THE TRADE 

BY 

J. FINLEY SMITH, 

AVHOSE WELL KNOWN AND RELIABLE BRANDS OF 



ARE SO FAVORABLY KNOWN TO THE 





Every Brush Warranted as Represented. 

Sold by the following Houses, to whom application for 
Prices and Samples can be made : 

LOUDERBACK, GILBERT S' CO., 

S3 Chambers Street, A’em York. 
QUACKEKBUSH, TOWNSEND S' CO., 

85 Chambers Street, 

SMITH ; CO HU S' CO., 

79 S SI Duane Street, “ 


SMITH'S PATENT KALSOMINE BROSHES A SPECIALTY. 

Brushes of Every Desription 

ON H AN B OR MADE TO ORDER. 









HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. <03 


Rails, Splices and Bolts Required for One Mile of 

Track. 

Tons of Rails. 


Rule —To find the number of tons (of 2,240 lbs.) of Rail to the mile, divide 
the weight per yard by 7, and multiply it »\y 11, thus: for 56 lh. rail divide 
56 by 7, equal 8, multiplied by 11, equal 88tous, for one mile of single track. 


Weight of Rail, 
per yard. 

Tons per Mile. 

Weight of Rail, 
per yard. 

Tons per Mile. 

12 

pounds. 

12 tons 920 pounds. 

45 

pounds. 

70 tons 1600 p’nds. 

14 

it 

22 

»t 



48 

tt 

75 

tt 

960 

4 f 

16 

ft 

25 

tt 

320 

tt 

50 

tt 

78 

tt 

1280 

tt 

18 

tt 

28 

tt 

640 

tt 

52 

tt 

81 

tt 

1600 

tt 

20 

tt 

31 

tt 

960 

tt 

56 

tt 

88 

tt 



22 

tt 

84 

tt 

1280 

tt 

57 

tt 

89 

tt 

1280 

tt 

25 

11 

39 

tt 

640 

tt 

60 

tt 

94 

.t 

640 

tt 

26 

tt 

40 

tt 

1920 

tt 

62 

tt 

37 

tt 

960 

tt 

27 

«t 

42 

tt 

960 

tt 

64 

tt 

100 

tt 

1280 

tt 

28 

tt 

44 

tt 



65 

ft 

102 

tt 

320 

tt 

30 

tt 

47 

tt 

320 

tt 

68 

tt 

106 

tt 

1920 

tt 

33 

tt 

51 

tt 

1920 

tt 

70 

tt 

110 

tt 



35 

tt 

55 

tt 



72 

tt 

113 

tt 

320 

ft 

40 

tt 

62 

tt 

1920 

tt 

76 

tt 

119 

tt 

960 

ft 


Number of Rails, Chairs, Joints, Splices and Bolts. 


Length of Rail. 

No. of Rails, 
Chairs or Joints. 

No. of Splices. 

No. of Bolts. 

18 

584 

1,168 

2,336 

20 

528 

1,056 

2,112 

21 

503 

1,' 06 

2,012 

22 

480 

960 

1,920 

24 

440 

880 

1,760 

25 

422 

814 

1,688 

26 

406 

812 

1,624 

27 

391 

782 

1,564 

28 

377 

754 

1,508 

30 • 

352 

704 

1,408 


No allowance made for side track in above tables. 


Number of Cross Ties for each Mile of Track. 


Centre to Centre. 

No. of Ties. 

Centre to Centre. 

No. of Ties. 

1^ feet. 

. 3,520 

2% feet. 

.... 2,113 

15? “. 

. 3,017 

2% “ . 

1,921 

2 “ . 

2,640 

3 “ . 

.... ll761 

2% “ . 




Capacity of a Freight Car. 

A load is nominally 10 tons of 20,000 lbs. The following can be carried: 
Whiskey, 60 bbls.; salt, 70 bbls.; lime, 70 bbls.; flour, 90 bids.; eggs, 130 to 
160 bbls.; floqr 200 sacks; wood, 6 cords; cattle, 18 to 20 head; hogs, 50 to 
60; sheep, 80 to 100; lumber, 6,000 feet; barley, 300 bushels,'wheat, 340 bush¬ 
els; flax seed, 360 bushels; apples, 370 bushels; corn, 400 bushels; potatoes, 
430 bushels; .oats, 680 bushels; bran, 1,000 bushels; butter, 20,000 lbs. 






































104 HOPKINSHANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 


Weight of oue foot of Bar Steel. 


ROUND 

SQUARE. 

OCTAGON. 

Diain. In. 

Lbs. 

Side In. 

Lbs. 

Diam. In. 

Lbs. 

u 

.166 

X 

.213 

X 

.84 

% 

.376 

X 

.479 

% 

1.23 

X 

.667 

X 

.855 

X 

1.75 

X 

1.04 

X 

1.33 

% 

2.25 

% 

1.50 

% 

1.91 

1 

2.75 

% 

2.05 

% 

2.61 

IX 

3.66 

1 

2.67 

1 

3.40 

ix 

4.55 

IX 

3.38 

1. % 

4.34 

1 % 

5.50 

1 % 

4.17 

IX 

5.32 

lx 

6.45 

l X 

5.05 

1 % 

6.44 

IX 

7.75 

IX 

6.00 

IX 

7 67 

IK 

9.20 

1 % 

7.05 

1 % 

9.00 

1 % 

10.04 

l % 

8.17 

1 K 

10.44 

2 

11.60 

iy% 

9.38 

1% 

11.98 

2X 

13 14 

2 

10.68 

2 

13.63 

2X 

14.75 

2X 

12 04 

2X 

15.35 

2X 

16.40 

2X 

13.51 

2X 

17.20 

2X 

17.85 

2% 

15.05 

2% 

19.17 

2X 

19.50 

2*r 

16.68 

2X 

21.20 

2 K 

21.25 

2 x 

18 43 

2% 

23.30 

Vi 

22.69 

2% 

20.19 

2M 

25.70 

3 

25.00 

2 X 

22.00 

2% 

27.74 



3 

24.03 

3 

30.60 



3X 

26.12 

3X 

33.18 



3X 

28.20 

3X 

35.90 



3% 

30.45 

3% 

38.78 



3X 

32 70 

3X 

41.65 



3X 

35.12 

3% 

44.17 



3 At 

37.54 

3* 

46.70 



4 

42.71 

4 

54.40 




48.22 

4X 

61.40 



4X 

54.06 

4X 

68.85 



5 

66.75 

5 

85.00 

• 



American and Birmingham Wire Gauges. 

Thickness in Inches. (Taken from Haswell.) 


No. of 
Gauge. 

Thick, of 
Am. G. 

1 

Thick, of 
Bir. G. 


No. of 
Gauge. 

Thick, of 
Am. G. 

Thick, of 
Bir. G 


No. of 
Gauge. 

Thick, of 
Am. G. 

Thick, of 
Bir. of 


Inch. 

Inch. 



Inch. 

Inch. 



Inch. 

Inch. 

0000 

.46 

.454 


11 

0907 

.12 


25 

.0179 

.02 

000 

.4096 

.425 


12 

.0808 

.109 


26 

.0160 

.018 

00 

.3648 

38 


13 

.0719 

.095 


27 

.0142 

.016 

0 

3248 

.34 


14 

.0641 

.083 


28 

0126 

.014 

1 

.2893 

30 


15 

.057 

.072 


29 

.0112 

.013 

2 

.2576 

.284 


16 

.0508 

.065 


30 

.01 

.012 

3 

.2294 

.259 


17 

.0452 

.058 


31 

.0089 

.1 

4 

.2043 

.238 


18 

.0403 

.049 


32 

.C079 

.009 

5 

.1819 

.22 


19 

.0359 

.042 


33 

.007 

.008 

6 

.1620 

.203 


20 

.0319 

.035 


34 

.0063 

.007 

7 

.1443 

.18 


21 

.0284 

.032 


35 

.0056 

.005 

8 

.1985 

.165 


22 

.0253 

.028 


36 

.005 

.004 

9 

.1144 

.148 


23 

.0225 

.025 





10 

.1019 

.134 


24 

.02 "1 

.022 








































































i 


HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES A?v f D QUERIES. 105 


Weight of a Lineal Foot of Flat Steel in lbs. 


Inch. 

H 

H 

% 


% 

% 

1 

* 

.213 

.426 

.64 

• • • 

• • • 

• • • 



.266 

.533 

.8 

1.066 

• • • 

000 

• • • 

4 

.319 

.639 

.959 

1.28 

1.6 

000 

• • • 

l 

.426 

.853 

1.28 

1.706 

2.133 

2.559 

• • • 


.48 

.959 

1.439 

1 919 

2.399 

2.879 

3.84 

i| 

.533 

1.066 

1.6 

2.133 

2.666 

3.200 

4.266 


.586 

1.173 

1.759 

2.346 

2.933 

3.519 

4 693 

if 

.639 

1.279 

1.919 

2.56 

3.199 

3.84 

5.119 

if 

.693 

1.386 

2.079 

2.773 

3.466 

4.16 

5.546 

if 

.746 

1.493 

2.24 

2.986 

3.733 

4 479 

5.973 

2 

. 853 

1.706 

2.559 

3.413 

4.266 

5.119 

6.826 

H 

.906 

1.813 

2.719 

3.626 

4.533 

5.439 

7.253 

24 

.96 

1.919 

2.879 

3.84 

4.799 

5.76 

7.68 

2 | 

1.013 

2.026 

3.039 

4.053 

5.066 

6.079 

8.106 

n 

1.016 

2.133 

3.199 

4.266 

5.333 

6 .399 

8.533 ! 


1.019 

2.24 

3.36 

4.48 

5.6 

6.72 

8.96 


1.173 

2.346 

3.519 

4.693 

5.866 

7.039 

9.386 

3 

1.28 

2.56 

3.84 

5.12 

6.4 

7.68 

10.24 

34 

1.386 

2.773 

4.16 

5.546 

6.933 

8.319 

11.093 

34 

1.493 

2.986 

4.48 

5.973 

7.466 

8.95 

11 946 

3| 

1.6 

3.199 

4.799 

6.399 

7.999 

9.599 

12.799 

4 

1.706 

3.413 

5.119 

6.826 

8.533 

10.239 

13.653 

4£ 

1.813 

3 626 

5.439 

7.253 

9.066 

10.879 

14.506 

4 h 

1.92 

3.84 

5.76 

7.68 

9.6 

11.52 

15.36 

4 f 

2.026 

4.053 

6.079 

8.106 

10.133 

12.159 

16.213 

5 

2.133 

4.266 

6.399 

8.533 

10.666 

12.799 

17.066 

r>4 

2.24 

4.48 

6.72 

8.959 

11.199 

13.44 

17.919 

54 

2.346 

4.693 

7.039 

9.386 

11.733 

14.079 

18.773 

5f 

2.453 

4.906 

7.359 

9.813 

12.266 

14.719 

19.626 1 

6 

2.56 

5.12 

7.68 

10.24 

12.8 

15.36 

29.48 ' 


American Sizes of Sheet Iron. 

The following table gives the pounds and ounces per square 
foot of plain and galvanized sheet-iron from No. 14 to No. 29, 
inclusive, and is the table upou which the current price lists of 
t ie rolling mills are based. 

NUMBERS AND WEIGHTS OF SHEET IRON. 


No. 

Oz. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

No. 

Oz. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

14 

60 

3 

12 

23. 

19 

1 

0 

O 

16 

48 

3 

0 

24. 

17 

1 

1 

1 7 

43 

2 

11 

25. 

16 

1 

0 

18 

38 

2 

6 

26. 

15 



19 

33 

2 

1 

27. 

14 



90 

28 

1 

12 

28. 

13 



21. 

24 

1 

8 

29 

12 



22. 

21 

1 

5 

























































































Drawer and PADLOCKS with Fin* c«.^» „ 

•™ x * *•«««■• ^ *as j. 
































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. 107 


Tempering Steel. 

(Harwell.) 

Steel in its hardest state being too brittle for most purposes, the requisite 
strength and elasticit y are obtained by tempering—or letting dawn the temper 
as it is 'ei iued—which is performed by heating the hardened steel to a cer¬ 
tain degree and cooling it quickly. The requisite heat i» usually ascertained 
by the color which the surface of the Steel assumes from the film of oxide 
thus formed. 

The degrees of heat to which these several colors correspond are as follow®: 

At. 430, a very faint yellow (Suitable for hard instruments ; us haiumer- 
At 450, a pale straw color. ) faces, drills, &c. 

At 470, a full yellow. (For instruments requiring hard edees without 

At 490, a brown color. ( elasticity;asshears,scissors,turningtoo*s,&c 

^sums * ,IOUn ’ VV * t *' * >ur * ,le |For tools, for cutting wood and soft metals 
At 630, ’ purple*’.!!" .. . ";; [ tn,ch ae plane-irons, knives, Ac. 

strong edges, without ev- 
as cold-chisels, axes, cut- 


dark 
full blue 


v. (For tools requiring i 

1 .-< tremc hardness ; ai 

lle . ( lery, Ac. 


As 550, 

At 560, 

At 600, grayish blue, verg- (For spring-temper, which will bend before 

ing on black. ( breaking; as saws, sword-blades, &c. 

If the steel is heated higher than this, the iliect of the hardening process 
is destroyed. 

It Has Kent Staled 

That the temperature of furnaces &c., may be estimated with considerable 
accuracy by the color of the fire, and that with a little practice the error at 
very high temperatures will not < xceed 90°, or 100°, and the following table 
contains the result of observations with an air thermometer. 


Temperature, 

Color of Fire. Degrees F. 

Red, just visible. 977 

“ dull. 1,200 

cherry, dull. 1,470 


ll 

U 


t. 

U 


full, 
clear. 


650 

830 


Temperature, 

Color of Fire. degrees F 

Orange, deep. 2,ui0 

“ clear. 2,190 

White heat.. 2,370 

“ bright. 2,550 

“ dazzling.2,730 


Effect of Meat on Various Bodies. 


1'egrees 

Ammonia boil?. 14 

Ammonia (liquid) freezes. —+6 


951 

365 

476 

98 

25 


Antimony melts 

Arsenic melrs. 

Bismuth nn Its. 

Blood (human) heat of 
“ “ freezes 

Brandy freezes. —7 

Brass melts. 1,900 

Cadmium melts. <500 

Coal Tar boils. 325 

Cold, great' st artificial.—166 

“ greatest natural. —66 

Common Fire. 190 

Copper melts. 2.5-18 

Glass melts . 2.87 i 

Gold (fine) melts. 2,59 ) 

Gutta-percha softens. ’45 

Heat, cherry red.1.6. • 

“ (Daniel).1-141 

right r. d.i,86') 


D< 


It 


t» 

U 

u 


brigl 

red, visible by day. 


l.o 


>! 


“ white.2,9 0 

Ice melts. ._ 3 ! 

Iron (cast) melt?. 3 19 

“ (wrough') melts.8.080 

The si<'n — before the figures indicates that many degrees beiow zero or o. 


gives. 

Iron, bright red in the dark... 752 

“ red not in twiiigbl. 884 

Lead melts. 601 

Mercury i oils . 662 

“ volaD’iz s. 680 

‘ s freezes. —39 

Napi *'>a oo N . 1 6 

Petroleum boils. 306 

Platinum melts. 3,0 ?-0 

Potass ii m unit*... 135 

Proof 8 pi''t f' -e es. —7 

Saltpetre i < "Is. 6u0 

Sea-water I • ezes. 28 

Silver (fine) 1 e]t»-. 1,250 

Snow and Salt, < qnal parts. 0 

Soirits of Terp.nnue freezes. 14 

Si. 1 melts.2,5 u 

polished, blue . 5^0 

. straw color. 460 

Sir- n-g Wines freeze. 20 

Hn>phur limits. 226 

Su'pb Acid(sp.grav 1,64 l)f ree.es —16 

r I’in melt-j. 421 

Vinous fermentation.60 to 77 

Water in vacua boils. 9S 

Zinc melts. 740 





















































































Xi^kXTIt! CALEI, 


MANUFACTURERS OF 




AND 






m 


t®0T, «*» T, 















































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOitS ANO OU&ttiES. 109 


Standard Length of 

1 ( 

Cut of Hatchets and 



Pencil Axes. 



. 



i 


1 3 

Shingling. 


.1 

• -L 1 

•*« 

| 4^ inches. 

Claw. 


.1 . 

8* 1 

34 

| inches. 

Half. 


.1 

34 | 

3# 

| 4f inches. 

Lath. 


i 

n i 


| 3 inches. 

_ 1 

No. 

.... | 1 

1 2 | 3 

4 | f> | . 

> 1 7 

8 1 » 

Bench. 

... |3f 

1 H 1 * 

5 A | 6 | fi 

: i 1 74 | 8^ 9, inches. 

Weights of Washoe (Adz Eye) Picks. 



RAILROAD PICKS. 



Nos. 

1 1 1 

2 | 3 

| 4 | 5 

G 

1 7 | 8 

Weight. 

1 5 | 

H 1 6 

1 | 7 

74 

8 | 8.4 lbs. 

MINING OR DRIFTING PICKS. 

Nos. | 1 

1 2 | 

3 | 4 

1 6 1 6 

1 7 

18 1 9 

Weight | 3 

1 3* I 

4 | 44 

1 5 1 

1 6 

| G4 | 7 lbs. 

POLL PICKS. 

Nos. | 1 

1 2 | 

3 | 4 

5 | G 

1 7 

1 8 1 » 

Weight | 3| 

1 4 | 

H 1 5 

54 | 6 

1 64 

| 7 | 74 lbs. 

' 

COAL PICKS. 

Nos. 

1 1 

2 

3 

4 

5 | 6 

Weight. 


4 

^4 

5 

6 | 64 lbs. 


Coes* (Genuine) Wrenches. 


WILL TAKE 

NUTS OF THE FOLLOWING SIZES: 

Size of Wrench | 4 

G | 8 

| 10 | 12 

1 13 

| 18 | 21 in. 

Size of NutH.. 

.. 1 4 

i 1 U 1 If 1 n 1 aft 1 3 1 H in- 

Cast Steel Crowbars. 

Size. 


1 1 

8 i 

Ul 

n 1 1 1 u 

Usual Weight. 

.Lbs. | 6 

8 10 

13 | 

17 | 22 2G 

Usual Length. 


48 | 52 

55 1 

58 | GG | 72 
























































































































V. G. HUNDLEY, 

PROPRIETOR OF 

North Carolina Handle Co., 



MANUFACTURER OF 

HANDLES AND SPOKES, 



AND MANUFACTURERS AGENT FOR 

WASHOE SOLID PUNCHED 

“ ADZE-EYE ” TOOLS, 


OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE, 

79 Reade Street and 97 Chambers Street, 

New York. 


FACTORY, GREENSBORO, N, 0, 























HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. Hi 


Molasses Oates. 

No.| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 1 5 

Inside Diameter.| 13-16 | % \ 1% f 1% | IX 

Boie.| 1 ! 1 y 8 | 1% 1 \% |~Tl3-l6~ 

John Wilson’s English Butcher Knives. 

LENGTH OF BLADE OF EACH NO. 

No.| 026 | 26 j 27 | 23~ | 29 j 30 

Length.| 4# | 5 | 5^ |~5& | ~6 | 6% inches. 

No.| 43 | 44 | 45 | "46 j 47 j 48 | 49 | 86~ 

Length.. | 7 | 8 | 9 [ 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14~IrT. 

Eley Bros.’ (“ E. B.”) Percussion Caps 

ABE NUMBERED IN THIS MANNER : 

Smallest.. | No. | 9 | 24 | 10 | 11 | 18 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ..Largest. 

English Oun Gauge. 

SIZES EXPRESSED IN PARTS OF AN INCH. 

Number. 

Bore.. | 5 | 6 pTj 9 |hl 15 | 19 | 25 | 36 | 52 | 90 | 140 | 3u0 

Inch .. | 1 1 15-16 | J 8 | 13-16 | X | 11-16 | % [ 9-16 | X I 7-16 | % \ 5-16 j ~ X 

The Sizes of Skates 

COMPARE WITH SIZES OF SHOES AS FOLLOWS : 

Skates, Inches.. | 8 | 8X1 9 ]~9X~|~1 QT»oT^ 1 ~lT~j lT% 


Shoes, No.| 9X| 11 | 12X 1 l "| 2*6 I 4~~j 6X | f% 1 9 | IPX 

Plate and Bedstead Casters. 

SIZE, IN INCHES, OF WHEELS OF EACH. 

Plate.No | I T~2 i 3 \ 4 ( 5 j 6 j T 

Size .~| % I 1 I 1% I 1 H_ \ IK I 17-16 1 IX 

Bedstead, Old No. | 1%.0 | l%.l | 1% .2 | 2 in 0 | 2 in 1 | 2 in 2 | 2in heavy. 
New “ | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 105 | 10S | 107 

size.I I "DT7 1 ix l Us I _ 2 I 2x 


Hatter’s Size Pleasure. 

To obtain the correct size of the head, use a strip of paper—newspaper 
will cio Draw it tightly around the largest part of the head, aud have the 
ends just meet. Then measure the length of the paper and the figures be¬ 
low will give you the size according to hatter’s measure. An eighth of an 
inch either way will make no difference. These measures will answor for 
any style of hat or cap made: 


18X inches is. — 

22 X inches is...7 

22 X “ .7% 

19% “ . S 

1AI/ u 

23 “ .TM 

23% “ .1% 

19 % *77 

20J4 “ 6 % 

uAV B ...6^ 

23% “ . TX 

24 “ . 7% 

20 X . 

24X “ .TX 

Aliy 1C .. .63^ 

25 « .7% 

s« « . «« 

25V « .8 






































































































j j‘i HOPKINS’. HANDY NO TES£AND QUERIES. 


TABLE 


SHOWING THE DIAMETER IN DECIMALS OP AN INCH, AND THE 
NUMBER OF FEET IN ONE POUND OF EACH GAUGE IRON 
WIRE, AS DRAWN BY THE UNITED STATES MANUFACTURERS. 


No. 

Decim'ls 
of inch. 

Feet in pound. 

No. 

Decim’ls 
of inch. 

Feet in pound 

000 

.362 

2.873 

15 

.072 

72.984 

00 

.331 

3.444 

16 

.063 

95.396 

0 

.323 

3.619 

17 

.054 

129.873 

1 

.283 

4.698 

18 

.047 

172.401 

2 

.263 

5.444 

19 

.040 

222.222 

3 

.244 

6.333 

20 

.033 

301249 

4 

.225 

7.460 

21 

.030 

370.036 

5 

.207 

8.809 

22 

.026 

476.190 

6 

.192 

10.270 

23 

.022 

640.74 

7 

.177 

12.047 

24 

.020 

879.03 

8 

.162 

14.365 

25 

.017 

1189.71 

9 

.148 

17.238 

26 

.015 

1485.62 

10 

.135 

20.698 

27 

.014 

1872.71 

11 

. 120 

26.174 

28 

.012 

2361.42 

12 

.105 

34.254 

29 

.011 

2978.91 

13 

.092 

44.655 

30 

.010 

3754.83 

14 

.080 

59.174 





TABLE 

SHOWING CORRESPONDING SIZES OF STUBS’ STEEL WIRE OR 
RODS, TO THE DIVISIONS OF AN INCH. 


Nos. 2 

12 

21 

28 

30 

35 

42 

48 

52 

56 

61 

7-32 

3 16 

5-32 

9-6411-8 

7-64 

3 32 

5-64 

1-16 

3 64 

1-32 


MESH OF COAL SCREENS. 


USED BY THE PRINCIPAL COAL DEALERS. 


2 f, 2f anti 2 inch 
If and H 
If and 1 “ 

£and | “ 

4 and § “ 

I “ 

5-ig 


Screen s Furn ace Coal. 

“ Stove out of Egg Coal. 
“ Nut out of Stove “ 

“ Stove Coal. 

. “ Nut “ 

. “ Pea “ 

. “ Erickmakers’ Dust. 



















































































HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. I 13 


OVAL SLIDE VISES. 


SIZES OP SCREWS AND LENGTH OF JAWS. 


Nos. 

. 1 

00 I 

0 

1 

2 

1 3 

4 

Sizes of Screws . 


% 

% 

1 % 

1 % 

1 

ITS 

Length of Jaws. 

.inches | 

2 | 

2* 

1 3 

3 % 

4 


Weight, pounds. 

. 1 

1% l 

11 

18 

20 | 

36^ 

54 


SOLID BOX VISES. 

LENGTH OF JAW TO EACH SIZE MANUFACTURED. 


Nos . 

| 35 

40 

45 

50 

05 

1 6. 

| 65 

70 

1 75 

80 

GC 

<C 

O 

Length of Jaws 

1 inches . 

3^ 

4 

4V 

V/ 2 


5 

5 


! sir 

5* 


5 % 

Weight., pounds 

(about) . 

35 

40 

45 

50 

55 

60 

65 

70 

75 

80 

8^ 


!! . 
i ; 

; 

SOLID BOX VISES. 

—(Continued.) 




i Noe . 

95 

100 

110 

120 | 130 

140 

150 

160 

170 | 180 

190 

200 

1 Length of Jaws 
! inches . 

5% 

6 

6 

6'4 

65£ 

7 

7 

7 X 

7# 

7# 

7 X 

8 

| Weight,pounds 

I (about) . 

95 

100 

110 | 

120 

130 

140 

150 

160 

170 

ISO 

190 

209 

i i 
j | 

Rope and Iron Strapped Tackle Blocks. 

DIAMETER OF SHEAVES, AND SIZE OF ROPE TAKEN BY EACH, j 

!! _ i 1 

j; Length of Blocks, 


inches. 

^ | 

5 


6 

7 

1 

8 

Diameter of Wheels, 


i 

2>2 

1 3 


SX 

4K 1 

5 

; Diameter of Rope, 


a 

X 

/Q 


X 

% 1 

1 I 

!.! . . 1 

Length of Blocks, 


inches. 

9 

10 


11 

12 

| 

Diameter of Wheels, 

<< 

&X 

6K 

7% 

8 1 


Diameter of Rope, 


< < 

1 1 

i X 1 

IX 

1KI 



i 


Thick Mortise Blacks. 


Length of Blocks, inches. 

1 9 1 

10 

11 

12 15 

j Diameter of Wheels, “ 

r.% 1 

V { 4 


8 

Diameter 0 Rope, 


m\ 

IK 

IK 

Size of Fry Pans. 

No. 0 | 1 | 2 | 

3 | 4 

« 1 

6 7 

8 

Size across top. | 8 | | 9 | 

9£ | 10 

1 Ufl 

12 | 13 

| 14 inch. 

C 1gt 

























































































































































































PURE 


FRESH 


al^j 

CELEBRATED 


age County S< 


AND 

UNDINE. 


AND 

RELIABLE. 



^lefd^cuytd ki\d jVfh^ket G^iCdeqei^ 

CAN SAVE MONEY 

BY SENDING FOR OUR WHOLESALE PRICE LIST. 



Onr Descriptiye Catalogue, containing one of the Largest Collections of 


CARDEN FIELD AND FLOWER SEEDS 

IN CIRCULATION. SEND FOR ONE. 


W. H. CORNISH & OO., 

1 02 Water St. and 79 Front St., 

NEWBURGH. N. Y. 















HOPKINS' HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. IIS 


QUANTITY OF SEED REQUIRED 

TO PRODUCE A GIVEN NUMBER OF PLANTS AND SOW A GIVEN AMOUNT 

OF GROUND. 


Quantity 
per acre. 

Artichoke, 1 02 . to 500 plants.... 3^ lb. 
Asparagus, 1 oz. to 200 plants .. 5 lbs. 

Barley. 2)6 bu. 

Beans, dwarf, 1 quart to 150 feet 

of drill.1!* “ 

Beans, pole, 1 quart to 200 hills.. y t “ 

Beet, garden, 1 oz. to 100 feet of 

drill.10 lbs. 

Beet, Mangel, 1 oz. to 150 feet of 

drill.6 “ 

Brocoli, 1 oz. to 8,000 plants.5 oz. 

Broom Corn.10 lbs. 

Brussels Sprouts, 1 oz. to 3,000 

plants.5 “ 

Buckwheat. % bu. 

Cabbage, 1 oz. to 8,000 plants_6 oz. 

Carrot, 1 oz. to 250 feet of drill.. 2)6 lbs. 

oz. 


Cauliflower. 1 oz. to 3,000 plants. 5 
Celery, 1 oz. to 10,000jdants. ... 4 
Clover, Alsike and White Dutch 6 
“ Lucerne, Large Red and 

Crimson Trefoil.8 

** Medium.10 

Collards, 1 oz. to 2,600 plants-6 

Corn, sweet, 1 quart to 500 hills . 8 
Cress, 1 oz. to 160 feet of drill... 8 

Cucumber, 1 oz. to 80 hills.lif 

Egg Plant, 1 oz. to 2,000 plants . 8 
Endive, 1 oz. to 300 feet of drill. 3 

Flax, broad cast. )6 

Garlic, bulbs, 1 lb. to 10 feet of 

Drill.. 

Gourd, 1 oz. to 25 hills. 2)6 

Grass, Blue Kentucky.2 

“ Blue English..1 

“ Hungarian and Millet.... )6 

“ Mixed Lawn...3 

“ Orchard, Perennial Rye, 

Red Top,Fowl Meadow 
and Wood Meadow .... 2 


lbs. 


oz. 

qts. 

Dos. 


oz. 

lbs. 

bu. 


bu. 


Quantity 
per acre. 

Hemp. )6 bu. 

Kale, 1 oz. to 3,000 plants. 4 * oz. 

Kohl Rabi, 1 oz. to 200 feet of 

. 1)6 lbs. 

Leek, 1 oz. to 250 feet of drill_4 

Lettuce, 1 oz. to 250 feet of drill. 3 “ 

Martynia, 1 oz. to 50 feet of drill 10 “ 

Melon, Musk, 1 oz. to 100 hills... 1% “ 
Melon, Water, 1 oz. to 25 hills... 1)6 “ 
Nasturtium, 1 oz. to 50 feet of 

drill.10 “ 

Okra, i oz. to 50 feet, of drill.10 

Onion Seed, 1 oz, to 200 feet of 

drill.5 

“ “ for Sets.30 

Onion Sets, 1 quart to 20 feet of 

drill.8 

Parsnip, 1 oz. to 250 feet of drill. 6 
Parsley, 1 oz. to 250 feet of drill. 8 
Peas, garden, 1 quart to 150 feet 

of drill. 1)6 

“ field. 2)6 

Pepper, 1 oz. to 1,500 plants.4 

Potatoes.8 

Pumpkin, 1 quart to 300 hills.... 4 
Radish, 1 oz. to 150 feet of drill.. 8 

Rye. 1)6 

Salsify, 1 oz. to 60 feet of drill... 8 
Spinage, 1 oz. to 150 feet of drill. 10 
Summer Savory, 1 oz. to 600 feet 

of drill.2 

Squash, summer, 1 oz. to 40 hills 2 
“ winter, 1 oz. to 10 hills.. 

Tomato, 1 oz. to 3,000 plants_ 

Tobacco. 1 oz. to 6,000 plants_ 

Turnip, 1 oz. to 250 feet of drill 

Vetches.2 bu. 

Wheat.1 to 2 “ 


oz. 


Telocity and Force of the Wind. 


Description. 


Hardly perceptible. 

Just perceptible.j 

Gentle Breeze.| 

Pleasant Breeze. -j 

Brisk Gale .| 

High Wind. 

Very high Wind. 

Storm. 

Great Storm.“j 

Hurricane. j 


M iles 
per 
Hour. 

Feet per 
minute. 

Feet per 
second, 

Force in lbs 
per sq. foot 

1 

8 S 

1.47 

-005 

2 

176 

2.93 

.020 

3 

264 

4.4 

.044 

4 

352 

5.87 

.079 

5 

440 

7.33 

.123 

10 

880 

14.07 

.492 

25 

1320 

22 

1.101 

20 

1700 

29.3 

1.908 

25 

2200 

30.0 

3.075 

30 

2040 

44. 

4.428 

35 

3080 

51.3 

6.027 

40 

3520 

58.0 

7.872 

45 

3900 

GO. 

9.903 

50 

4400 

73.3 

12.800 

CO 

52S0 

8S. 

17.712 

70 

Cl 00 

102.7 

24.108 

80 

7040 

117.3 

31.488 

100 

8800 

140 0 

49.200 


bu. 

lbs. 


bu. 

lbs. 


bu. 

i. 

oz. 

bu. 

qts. 

Ids. 

bu. 

lbs. 


3 
3 

2 “ 
1)6 lbs. 
























































































SOMETHING NEW! 




TIKCE COMING PLOW ! 


WE GUARANTEE EVERY 

Remington Carbon Plow 

Well made, of good material, and if properly handled, to give perfect satisfaction, failing in 
which, after ons day’s trial, Plow to be held subject to manufacturers’ orders. 

THE 

REMINGTON CARBON CUPPER! 



The NEW REMINGTON CLIPPER enters its third year with a reputation unex¬ 
ampled. It already stands in the front rank of first-class Plows. It is not surpassed in any 

particular, and it is superior in form, finish, metal, and light weight .o any other cast Plow in 

the market. The carbon metal of which it is made, being one-half cast steel, has all the hard, 
ness and scouring qualities of the chilled iron, and is much stronger. It can, therefore, be made 
the lightest of all the cast Plows. 

The form of the NEW REMINGTON CLIPPER is acknowledged to be the culmi¬ 
nation of Plow improvements. It is simply PERFECT ; it is so acknowledged by every one 
who has seen it. It is the production of the best Plow maker in this country. For lightness of 
draft and ease of handling, it challenges the world. All we ask is for the farmer to take it 
home and try it before purchasing any other. He will say that he has never seen its equal. 

The NEW REMINGTON PLOWS, full rigged, weigh 15 to 30 pounds less than th« 
Chilled Plows of the same capacity. SEND FOR PRICES. 


MANUFACTURED BY THE 

REMINGTON AGRICULTURAL CO., 

118 Chambers St, New York. 



















HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. II 7 


Plants or Trees. 


\ 


NUMBER TO THE ACRE AT GIVEN DISTANCES. 


Dis. apart. 

$ foot. 

1 “ . 

1 £ feet. 

2 “ . 

No. Plants. 

Dis. apart. 

6 feet. 

7 “ . 

8 <• . 

9 “ _ 

No. Plants. 

. 680 

572. 

“ 



10 

. 4 


3 feet by 1 foot... 

. 14,520 

11 

<; 


2 “ 

2 feet.... 

. 7,260 

12 

< i 


3 “ 

3 “ .... 

. 4,840 

15 

a 

193 

4 “ 

1 foot... 

. 10,888 

18 

i i 

134 

4 “ 

2 feet.. 

. 5,444 

20 

i t 

108 

4 “ 

3 “ .... 

. 3,629 

25 

4 c 

... 09 

4 “ 

4 “ .... 


30 

(< 

49 

5 “ 

5 “ .... 

. 1,742 




Customary and Legal Weight of Various Articles in the 

United States. 


Apples . 

lbs. 
per bu. 48 

“ dried. . 

4 4 

24 

Barley. 

4 < 

48 

Beaus . 

4 4 

60 

Buckwheat. 

a 

48 

Broom Corn. 

4 4 

46 

Blue Grass, Kentucky 

44 

14 

“ “ English. . 

4 4 

24 

Bran. . 

4 4 

20 

CanarjrSeed. 

4 4 

60 

Castor Beans. 

4 4 

46 

Clover Seed. 

44 

64 

Corn, shelled . 

4 4 

56 

on ear . 

<1 

70 

Corn Meal . 

44 

50 

Charcoal . 

4 4 

22 

Coal, Mineral . 

44 

80 

Cranberries . 

4 4 

40 

Dried Peaches . 

44 

28 

Flax Seed . 

44 

55 

Hemp Seed . 

<4 

44 

Hungarian Grass Seed 

44 

50 

Irish Potatoes, heap¬ 
ing measure . 

44 

CO 

Millet . 

4 4 

50 

Malt . 

4 4 

34 

Oats . 

<« 

32 

Osage Orange . 

44 

33 

Orchard Grass . 

4 4 

14 


lbs. 


Onions. 

.perbu. 56 

Peas. 

4 4 

60 

Plastering Hair. 

4 4 

8 

Rape. 

4 4 

50 

Rye. 

4 4 

56 

Red Top Seed. 

4 4 

14 

Salt, Coarse. 

«< 

50 

Salt, Michigan. 

4 4 

56 

Sweet Potatoes. 

4 4 

56 

Timothy Seed. 

Turnips. 

44 

45 

4 4 

55 

Wheat. 

4 4 

60 

Beef and Pork, per bU., net 

200 

Flour, per bbl , net 


196 

White Fish and Trout, per 



bbl., net. 

200 

Salt, per bbl.. 

. 280 

Lime, “ . 

, 220 

Hay, well settled, per cubic ft 

■ 44 

Corn, on cob, in bin, “ 

22 

Corn, shelled, “ “ 

45 

Wheat, “ “ 

48 

Oats, “ “ 

m 

Potatoes, *' “ 

38.V 

Sand, dry, ‘ ‘ 

95 

Clay, compact, “ 

135 

Marble, “ 

169 

Seasoned Beech Wood,per cord 

5,616 

“ Hickory, “ 

6,960 



































































































NEW YO R K 

















HOPKINS’ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES. II 9 


Specific Gravity, and Weight 


TO CUBIC FOOT OF VARIOUS MATERIALS. 



5 

Xi xj 
a 



EJ 


V 

« m 


V 

O 


tj> 

at 


t 

ai 

Timber. 

o 

3 a 

Fluids. 

o 

«a 

3 <2 


« 

■—* -*.» 


• H 

•fH 


5. 



& 

GO 

* 

Ash. 

.8 

50 

Alcohol. 

.8 

50 

Beech. 

.69 

43 

Ether_.... 

.74 

46 

Birch. 

.71 

44 

Oil. 

.90 

56 

Cedar. 

.48 

31 

Water, 

Deal, Christ’ua 

.7 

44 

Fresh. 

1.000 

62.4 

Elm. 

.6 

37 

Water, Sea.. 

1.02® 

64.1 

Hornbeam .... 
Larch. 

.75 

.55 

47 

35 

Artificial 
Substances. 


Me mol. 

.6 

37 



Mahogany, 
Spanish. 

Brick. 

2.0 

124 

.8 

50 

Brickwork, 

Oak, English.. 

.93 

58 

in mortar.. 

1.6 

100 

Oak, Canadian 

.87 

54 

(Brickwork, 


$ 112 
i to94 

Pine, Red. 

.65 

41 

in cement. 

1.8 

Pine, Yellow.. 

.45 

29 

Concrete, 


Teak,Moulm’n 

-65 

41 

ordinary... 

1.9 

119 

Yew. 

.8 

50 

in cement. 

2.2 

133 


• 

Cement, 



Miscellaneous. 



Portland... 

1.3 

81 




Roman.... 

1. 

63 

Asphaltnm.... 
Gutta Percha. 

9 

56 

Glass. 

2.5 

156 

.98 

61 

Lime, quick. 

.8 

50 

India Rubber . 
Ivory . 

.94 

60 

Mortar. 

1.7 

109 

1.8 

112 

Tile. 

1.8 

112 



Stokes, 
Earths, Ac. 

Specific gravity. 

Weight per cub. 
foot in pounds. 

Chalk. 

2.3 

243 

Clay. 

2. 

125 

Coal..'. 

1.3 

82 

Coke. 

Earth, 

.8 

50 

Rammed. 

1.6 

100 

Flint. 

2 6 

163 

Gravel . 

1.9 

120 

Granite .... 

2.6 

164 

Grindstone. 

2.1 

131 

Limestone.. 

2.5 

156 

Marble.... 

2.7 

168 

Sand. 

1.9 

120 

Sandstone.. 

Stone, 

Bath. 

Stone, 

2.5 

156 

1.8 

112 

Portland,. 

2 1 

131 

York Flag.. 

2.3 

143 

Slate. 

2.8 

175 

Shingle. 

1.4 

90 


Weight of a Cubic Foot of Various Substances, 

IN POUNDS. 


:> ETALS. 


Gun Metal.. 


Lead. 

Merci 

Steel 

44 

Tin.. 



Wood, Ac. 

489. 

Live Oak. 

66.75 

Coal, Cannel.... 

. 94. 

513. 

Hickorv. 

95 5 

Cotton, Bale.... 

. 14 

645. 

Pine, White. 

84. 

“ Pressed. 

. 22. 

450. 

Spruce . 

31.25 

Earth, Loose.... 


482. 

Corkwood. 

15. 

“ Mud. 


710. 

Fire Brick. 

137. 

Common Boil ... 

.137. 

849 

Coal, Anthracite 

93. 

Hay, Bale. 


486. 

Bituminous 80. 

44 Pressed.... 

. 25. 

452. 





455. 





428 





450. 






































































































I 


ESTABLISHED 1830 . 



CROVESTEEN * FULLER, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

SQUARE AND UPRIGHT OR BOUDOIR 

i;» tit) rm 


AN© F 




BS 


WiTH THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS. 

No, 71 Mercer Street, New York, 



Messrs. GRDVESTEEX & TF5JS-IGFS5 have never followed the plan so freely used 
by other leading Manufacturers of PIANO FORTES, of spending in boasting advertisements 
the money which they thought should be devoted to perfecting their unrivaled instruments, 
l hey preferred that purchasers should receive advantages in quality and price w r hich could not 
be expected from rival manufacturers. 

Mr. .T. 55. GROVESTEFIV being the only m iker of Piano Fortes in the United State® 

with a business experience extending o\er half a century, is enabled to exercise that practical 
supervision over every department of their extensive Factory, which is inseparable to perfect 
workmanship. No instrument, is permitted to leave this establishment without a thorough in¬ 
spection as to the quality and purity of its tone, its delicacy of touch, and its superiority of 
finish. 

The Publisher of “ Handy Notes and Queries ” being in possession of one of their 
Piano Fortes, with latest improvements, the manufacturers respectfully request correspondence 
with him from any parties desiring to purchase a First Class Piano Forte at a medium 
price. Satisfaction guaranteed, and abundant references furnished. 


PLEASE SEND FOR CATALOGUE. 































By kindly mentionmg “ HANDY NOTES AND QUERIES,” 
when orderingfrom our Advertisers, you would greatly enhance 
its value as an advertising medium. 


PttBHSW’S 


In order to read* those in every branch of the 

HARDWARE, TINWARE and METAL TRADES, 

to whom this volume of Valuable Information 
will be found of service, it has been imblished 
at the following- prices : 

FORTY CENTS PER COPY. 

THREE COPIES (to one address) ONE DOLLAR. 

On receipt of price it will be mailed,post paid, 
to any part of I he United States. 

As only a limited edition is printed for thispur- 
pose, early orders are respectfully requested. 

Address all orders to 

HENRY HOPKINS, 

85 Chambers Street, 

P. 0. Box 2585. New York. 


CRICHTON & CO., 
STEAM rRIUTEHS^ 

221, 223 and 225 Fnlton Street, Hew York. 

















\\y\\\>V\W'AWM./t Jr'T/ 


I 



T HIS is a ten inch sweep RATCHET BRACE, with Gear Wheels 
speeded about three to one, to be used for drilling. When not 
needed, the Gear Wheel can be removed in one second, leaving a 
Ratchet Brace. This Brace is made of Steel, and is heavily Nickel 
Plated, with Rosewood Handle and Lignumvitse head. The jaws are of 
forged steel, and will centre and hold firmly round twist drills from ^ to 
7-16 of an inch in diameter. Also square shank Bits and Drills of all 
sizes. Also square and flat Screw Driver Bits. In fact, it will hold per¬ 
fectly tool shanks of any size or shape. There is no other Chuck in ex¬ 
istence which will do this. It is our purpose to furnish everything in 
the line of Bit Braces and Breast and Hand Drills of a style and quality 
superior to anything else in the market. 

With each Drill Brace we send an extra set of Forged Steel Jaws, 
mainly to be used for holding round twist drills less tlian one eighth of 
an inch in diameter. As will be noticed in the cut, the large gear wheel 
has an extension handle to give it more power when needed. 

Price of Drill Brace complete, per doz., $36.00. 

MILLERS FALLS COMFAXT7 

74 CHAMBERS STREET, NEW YORK. 


Millers Falls Co’s. 

mm ILL BR AC 


* 


~vr~7 3Z $ s 





























































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